中国实用外科杂志

中国实用外科杂志

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以医学史为切入点的医学人文教育用于胃肠外科床旁教学研究

陈    凌，刘凤林   

  1. 复旦大学附属中山医院普通外科，上海200032
  • 出版日期:2021-07-01 发布日期:2021-07-12

  • Online:2021-07-01 Published:2021-07-12

摘要：

目的    调查将胃肠外科发展史内容引入床旁教学前后，医学生对胃肠外科发展史的认知情况。方法　2020年9月至2021年2月对在复旦大学附属中山医院普通外科参加床旁教学的复旦大学上海医学院临床医学专业学生进行问卷调查。其中，2020年11月前的床旁教学中未专门安排胃肠外科发展史教学内容（对照组），2020年12月后的床旁教学中专门安排了胃肠外科发展史教学内容（研究组）。结果    共回收有效问卷73份，其中对照组40份（54.8%），研究组33份（45.2%）。胃肠外科发展史知识测试平均得分为（39.0±18.0）分，其中对照组（35.3±18.1）分，研究组（43.6±17.1）分，两组间存在显著统计学差异（P=0.047）。78.1%（57/73）的医学生认为“学习胃肠外科发展史有助于更好的了解胃肠外科的理论体系”。86.3%（63/73）的医学生认为“外科学的发展必然具有时代局限性”。84.9%（62/73）的医学生认为“每位大师创立或改进术式的初衷”是为了“更好的救治病人”。对于“推动外科学发展的最重要因素”，37.0%（27/73）的医学生认为是“临床病人的需求”，32.9%（24/73）认为是“科学理论的发展”。结论    将胃肠外科发展史教学融合进医学生的床旁教学，有助于医学生掌握胃肠外科的理论知识，理性把握医学发展的科学规律，是加强和改进医学人文教育的有益尝试。

关键词: 床旁教学, 胃肠外科, 医学史, 医学人文教育, 问卷调查

Abstract: Application of medical humanities education, taking history of medicine as an entry point, in bedside teaching of gastrointestinal surgery        CHEN Ling, LIU Feng-lin. Department of General Surgery，Zhongshan Hospital，Fudan University，Shanghai 200032，China
Corresponding author：LIU Feng-lin，E-mail: liu.fenglin@zs-hospital.sh.cn
Abstract    Objective    To investigate the medical students' cognition on the history of gastrointestinal surgery before and after the introduction of the content of the history of gastrointestinal surgery into bedside teaching. Methods    From September 2020 to February 2021, a questionnaire survey was conducted among medical students of Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University who participated in bedside teaching at Department of General Surgery of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. Among them, the history of gastrointestinal surgery was not specifically arranged in the bedside teaching before November 2020 (control group). The history of gastrointestinal surgery was specially arranged for the bedside teaching after December 2020 (research group).  Results    A total of 73 valid questionnaires were collected, of which 40 were in the control group (54.8%) and 33 were in the study group (45.2%). The average score of gastrointestinal surgery history knowledge test was (39.0 ± 18.0), which was (35.3 ± 18.1) in the control group and (43.6 ± 17.1) in the study group. There was significant difference between the two groups (P=0.047). Seventy-eight point one percent (57/73) of medical students believed that “learning the history of gastrointestinal surgery helps to better understand the theoretical system of gastrointestinal surgery”.  Eighty-six point three percent (63/73) of medical students recognized that "the development of surgery must have the limitations of the times". Eighty-four point nine percent (62/73) of medical students believed that "the original intention of each master to create or improve the procedure" is to "better treat patients". Regarding the "most important factor to promote the development of surgery", 37.0% (27/73) of medical students considered it to be "the needs of clinical practice and patients", and 32.9% (24/73) considered it to be "the development of scientific theory". Conclusion    Integrating the history of gastrointestinal surgery into the bedside teaching of medical students is helpful to improve the their knowledge structure, improve their humanistic quality, cultivate their innovative consciousness and broaden their thinking. It is a beneficial attempt to strengthen and improve medical humanistic education.

Key words: bedside teaching, gastrointestinal surgery, history of medicine, medical humanities education, questionnaire survey