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01 January 2014, Volume 34 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Intergrated medicine，patient-centered care. HU Da-yi 2014, 34(1): 1-5.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1002KB) ( )   Summary：Currently，medical science are separate from each other，to resolve the situation call for integrative medicine.Integrative medicine in detail has two dimensions，that is，to achieve a seamless link among the hospital-Community-home health care services；to achieve effective communication multidisciplinary，unified combination.Modern cardiovascular disease treatment model，for example，proposed to better implement medicine Integration/patient-centered care，be sure to teamwork，shared decision-making，health service integration.Learning from abroad ideal about integrated medical model，to promote medical humanities into the clinical，must adhere three unchanged and three changes.In short，integrated medicine/patient-centered care in order to reflect the core values of humanity，is the only way to achieve medical purposes，is the direction of health care reform and medical education/health care model reform needs.

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Prevalence trend of cardiovascular diseases in Chinese women.  WANG Wei，QI Yue. 2014, 34(1): 6-9.  Abstract ( )   PDF (996KB) ( )   Summary：Cardiovascular disease is an important public health problem among Chinese women，and its incidence and mortality rate continue to increase.Although the cardiovascular mortality is lower in females than that in males，but the proportion ratio of death caused by cardiovascular disease among the total deaths is higher in females.The increase of cardiovascular mortality in female is closely associated with adverse changes of risk factors.The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia is higher in females than in males.The application rate of primary and secondary prevention and treatment is lower in females.Cardiovascular disease，as the first cause of death in females，has not been paid enough attention to.This article reports current status about the occurrence and risk factors of cardiovascular disease in Chinese women.

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Pathophysiological characteristics of cardiovascular in females.  HAN Ya-ling，WANG Bin. 2014, 34(1): 10-11.  Abstract ( )   PDF (981KB) ( )   Summary：Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main disease threatening the health and life of women，which has become the leading cause of female death in China.The mortality of males with CVD has been decreasing，but the mortality of CVD females has shown no obvious decrease，which may be associated with the pathophysiological characteristics of CVD in females.Up to now，the relationship between the estrogen level and worse prognosis has not been confirmed in females with CVD.Comorbidity in aging woman，such as diabetes and hypertension may be the main reason for the difference.The cardiovascular disease in woman should be stressed，which could be really controlled when it is dealt with close combination of diagnosis，treatment and precaution.

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Sex hormone and heart health in females.  YANG Mu-kun，BAI Wen-pei. 2014, 34(1): 12-14.  Abstract ( )   PDF (984KB) ( )   Summary：Cardiovascular disease has become the most common cause of death.The incidence of cardiovascular disease in women has its own special regularity，which is closely related with the levels of sex hormones.The relevance of hormone therapy and cardiovascular disease has always been the focus for a long time.More and more clinical intervention researches had indicated that there was a potential cardiovascular protection by hormone therapy in the early stage of menopause.

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Abnormal blood lipid and cardiovascular disease in females.  SHENG Li，YE Ping. 2014, 34(1): 15-17.  Abstract ( )   PDF (990KB) ( )   Summary：Cardiovascular disease has become the number 1 killer for women，unlike for men.The increase of coronary heart disease (CHD) could be explained not only by estrogen deprivation but also by an abnormal blood lipid，which is likely to occur in the post-menopause period.Compared with males，the total cholesterol levels increase while high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels decrease in females after menopause.The level of total cholerterol is significantly associated with CHD in females，and moreover，the low level of HDL-C is an independent risk factor of female CHD.Current guideline recommends that lipid-lowering drugs should be used to prevent CHD in high-risk population；meanwhile，females should pay special attention to the safety of medication.

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Diabetes as a significant risk factor of cardiovascular disease in females.  TIAN Hui 2014, 34(1): 18-21.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1000KB) ( )   Summary：：The prevalence of diabetes grows rapidly in our country，with women accounting for about 46% in total patients and more than 50% in the elderly patients.Diabetes is one of the main risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in middle- and old-aged women.Lost protection of estrogen，lack of diabetes prevention knowledge，bad living habits，poor self-protection ability and poor medical conditions are risks that increase diabetic damage in females.Early diabetes prevention from peri-menopausal period and strengthening of education and treatment are expected to improve the poor prognosis in elderly female diabetes patients with cardiovascular disease.

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The characteristics and the treatment of hypertension in women.  SUN Ning-ling. 2014, 34(1): 22-24.  Abstract ( )   PDF (985KB) ( )   Blood pressure in females can be influenced by the age，menstrual period，reproduction，course of diseases and use of special drugs，and it is more complicated than that in males.Fluctuation of blood pressure is more frequent in females.Furthermore，female hypertension is associated with the occurrence of osteoporosis.The causes of female hypertension are different in different periods，so clinical treatment of female hypertension should be targeted and individualized.

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Aspirin and heart health in females.  BAI Xiao-juan，ZHAO Xin. 2014, 34(1): 25-28.  Abstract ( )   PDF (998KB) ( )   In last century，aspirin became a standard drug for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.In recent years，a number of clinical trial evidence has confirmed that aspirin had been used as the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.The mechanism is to block the thromboxane A2 formation by inhibiting cycloosygenase.Studies have shown that low-dose aspirin could effectively reduce coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke risk in males.However，for women，aspirin for primary prevention of coronary heart disease is unobvious.In this paper，we discuss the relationship between aspirin and heart health in females by retrospectively reviewing the mechanism of aspirin，its efficacy and primary prevention effect on cardiovascular disease.

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Mental characteristics and cardiovascular disease in females.  LIU Mei-yan. 2014, 34(1): 29-31.  Abstract ( )   PDF (984KB) ( )   With the improvement of economic level，great life pressure，fast pace of life and bad living habits make cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mental disorders common and they co-occur more frequently.Women，as a special group，have their unique mental characteristics，and are more vulnerable to depression，anxiety and other psychological problems.The relationship between negative psychological states and the genesis，development and prognosis of CVD has been confirmed by multiple treatment trials.This paper mainly discusses women’s mental characteristics and its correlation with cardiovascular disease.The author calls for that female psychological problems and cardiovascular disease need to be paid more attention to and should get better treatments.

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Cardiovascular disease and sexual activity.  JIN Yuan-zhe,HAN Shuo. 2014, 34(1): 45-49.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1009KB) ( )   Sexual activity is an important part of quality of life for patients with cardiovascular disease and their partners，and also a major component of cardiac rehabilitation.Because of the restricting factors such as traditional culture and objective situation，both physicians，patients and their partners lack knowledge of cardiovascular disease and sexual activity.Published in 2012，AHA scientific statement is the latest proposal on this topic.Here，we focus on the scientific statement，and interpretation as well as discussion will be conducted in detail.