Abstract: Sleep bruxism is a result of unconsciously rhythmic masticatory muscle activity during sleep，which mainly manifests as clenching or grinding of the teeth during sleep. Long-term bruxism can lead to abnormal wearing of teeth，dental hypersensitivity，periodontitis，endodontitis and tooth fracture. The patients suffering form bruxism always have masticatory muscle fatigue，tenderness，dysfunction and tension pain. Masseter muscle hypertrophy is commonly seen in the patients suffering from bruxism with symptoms of temporomandibular disorders（TMD）（like arthralgia，snapping and trismus）. Tooth wearing arising from long-term bruxism often cause occlusion disorder，which as an etiological factor，affects the onset and development of TMD. Moreover，the painful muscles and overload joint caused by bruxism is also harmful to the temporomandibular structure. This article mainly introduces the causes，diagnosis and treatment methods of sleep bruxism and the relationship between TMD and sleep bruxism.

Key words: sleep bruxism, malocclusion, temporomandibular disorders

摘要： 夜磨牙是指患者在睡眠中无意识的肌肉节律性运动，主要表现为紧咬牙和磨牙。长期夜磨牙会导致牙齿异常磨耗、牙齿敏感、牙周炎、牙髓炎及牙折等并发症。患者常表现为咀嚼肌疲劳、压痛、功能异常及紧张性疼痛。临床中常见的夜磨牙患者咬肌肥大，多数伴有颞下颌关节紊乱病（temporomandibular disorders，TMD）的症状，出现颞下颌关节疼痛、弹响及张口受限。长期夜磨牙所导致的牙齿磨耗常会引起咬合紊乱，其作为咬合因素进而影响TMD的发生和发展，同时夜磨牙所带来的肌肉疼痛和关节负荷过重也会对颞下颌关节的结构产生不利影响。文章就夜磨牙的病因、诊断、治疗及其与TMD之间的关系做一阐述。

关键词: 夜磨牙, 咬合紊乱, 颞下颌关节紊乱病