Abstract: Objective    To evaluate the anatomy morphology of the nasopalatine canal and its influencing factors by cone beam CT（CBCT）. Methods    Totally 393 patients scheduled for implant surgery in the Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology，Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from November 2015 to April 2016 were selected，and the differences of different types of CBCT images of nasopalatine canal in sagittal plane，coronal plane and transverse plane，as well as the influence of gender，age and dentition states of patients on the morphology of nasopalatine canal were analyzed. Results    On the sagittal plane，the funnel-shaped nasopalatine canal was more common（43.0%，169/393），the straight type was more common on the direction-course （77.9%，306/393）；on the coronal plane，the single canal type was more common（67.7%，266/393）；on the horizontal plane，the opening of nasopalatine foramen was mostly one（68.0%，267/393）. There was no significant difference in the shape of the nasopalatine canal in the sagittal and coronal planes and the number of openings in the transverse plane among the patients′ gender，age and dentition status（all P > 0.05），but there was significant difference in the shape of the nasopalatine canal in the sagittal plane among the patients′   age（χ2 = 6.211，P = 0.045）；there was no significant difference in the sagittal distortion of the nasopalatine canal between the two groups（all P > 0.05）. Conclusion    The nasopalatine canal of patients with different gender，age and dentition states has various morphological types，and there may be similar anatomical variations.

Key words: the nasopalatine canal, anatomical morphology, cone beam CT, oral implantation

摘要： 目的    采用锥形束CT（cone beam CT，CBCT）评估鼻腭管的形态及其影响因素。方法    选取2015年11月至2016年4月于贵州医科大学附属口腔医院口腔修复种植科就诊的拟行种植术的患者393例，分析所有患者CBCT图像鼻腭管矢状面、冠状面、横断面的不同类型差异，以及患者性别、年龄和牙列状态对鼻腭管形态的影响。结果    矢状面上，鼻腭管漏斗型较常见（占43.0%，169/393），走形较常见的为直型（占77.9%，306/393）；冠状面上较常见的为单管型（占67.7%，266/393）；水平面上鼻腭孔处开口多为1个（占68.0%，267/393）。患者性别、年龄、牙列状态对鼻腭管矢状面、冠状面的形态及横断面开口数量的影响，差异均无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）；年龄对鼻腭管矢状面走形的影响，差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 6.211，P = 0.045）；而性别及牙列状态对鼻腭管矢状面走形的影响，差异均无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。结论    不同性别、年龄及牙列状态的患者鼻腭管形态类型多样，且均可能存在相似的解剖变异。

关键词: 鼻腭管, 解剖形态, 锥形束CT, 口腔种植