关键词: 电子烟, 尼古丁, 口腔健康, 牙周疾病, 黏膜疾病, 口腔菌群

Abstract: Electronic cigarettes（e-cigarettes）are inhalation devices that generate aerosols through electrically heated vaporization of liquid tobacco. Marketed as reduced-risk alternatives to conventional tobacco products，these devices have gained increasing popularity among smokers due to their non-combustion vaporization mechanism and customizable nicotine concentration design，becoming the alternatives to conventional cigarettes. However，e-cigarettes can generate various carcinogens such as formaldehyde，acetaldehyde and acrolein，which have detrimental effects on systemic health. The oral cavity is particularly vulnerable to the adverse impact of e-cigarettes due to direct contact. Researches have demonstrated that e-cigarettes can detrimentally impact periodontal health，promote the occurrence and progression of periodontitis，and exert an adverse influence on periodontal treatment. Additionally，they can stimulate the release of inflammatory cytokines in the gingival crevicular fluid surrounding dental implants，thereby intensifying inflammation. Furthermore，e-cigarettes possess cytotoxic and genotoxic properties that inflict notable damage upon oral mucosal cells. To a certain extent，they are capable of inducing changes in color and property of dental tissues. The pathogenic mechanisms of e-cigarettes may involve oral microbiota dysbiosis，formation of a pro-inflammatory microenvironment and activation of DNA damage pathways，among others. This article will review research progress in the effect of e-cigarette on oral health and the potential pathogenic mechanisms，aiming to enhance the understanding about e-cigarettes and take its harm into consideration in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases in the future.

Key words: electronic-cigarettes, nicotine, oral health, periodontal disease, mucosal disease, oral microbiota