关键词: 种植修复, 角化龈, 角化龈宽度, 风险因素, 处理策略

Abstract: The peri-implant soft tissue not only influences the long-term stability of the implant，but also plays a decisive role in the aesthetics of the labial and buccal sides as well as in patient adaptation. Adequate keratinized mucosa width around the implant reduces plaque accumulation and local alveolar ridge resorption，and decreases the incidence of peri-implantitis. Therefore，avoiding the risk of insufficient keratinized mucosa and mastering different methods of keratinized mucosa treatment and augmentation can contribute to the timely and effective treatment of clinical complications. Currently，the main surgical procedures used for keratinized mucosa widening in the clinic include root-oriented resurfacing flap，free gingival grafting，and subepithelial connective tissue grafting. In this article，we present a review of the risk factors for insufficient width of peri-implant keratinized mucosa and the operational features of various types of keratinized mucosa widening procedures，with a view to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: implant restoration, keratinized mucosa, keratinized mucosa width, risk factors, management strategies