中国实用口腔科杂志

中国实用口腔科杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (03): 136-141.

• 专题笔谈 • 上一篇    下一篇

口腔黏膜疑难疾病诊断思路及案例分析

  

  1. 南京大学医学院口腔医学院，南京    210008
  • 收稿日期:2012-02-18 出版日期:2012-03-15 发布日期:2012-04-25
  • 作者简介:王文梅，教授、主任医师、硕士研究生导师。现任南京大学医学院口腔医学院（南京市口腔医院）副院长。兼任中华口腔医学会理事，中华口腔医学会中西医结合专委会副主任委员，江苏省中西医结合学会口腔疾病专业委员会主任委员，江苏省口腔医学会副会长兼秘书长，江苏省医学领军人才及创新团队项目负责人。从事口腔黏膜病医疗、教学、科研工作30年。临床经验丰富，擅长各类口腔黏膜病的诊断与治疗。先后主持国家自然科学基金项目和江苏省、省厅、南京市科技发展计划及卫生局科技项目12项。在国内外学术刊物发表论文80余篇，主编、参编专著5部，参与了《口腔黏膜病》研究生教材的编写工作。曾获江苏省科技进步二等奖、江苏省卫生厅引进医学新技术二等奖 、南京市科技进步奖以及江苏医学科技奖等十余项奖项。

  • Received:2012-02-18 Online:2012-03-15 Published:2012-04-25

摘要：

口腔黏膜病是发生在口腔黏膜的诸多疾病的总称，除口腔黏膜固有疾病以外，还有相当一部分为全身疾病或综合征的口腔表征；口腔黏膜与皮肤在胚胎发生学上存在同源性，增加了口腔黏膜病的复杂性。口腔黏膜病具有以下特点：（1）病种繁多、类型各异，既有常见多发病，又有少见、罕见病；（2）同病异症、异病同症，症状多样、多变、多雷同；（3）病损更迭与重叠性；（4）部位的差异性；（5）病损的共存性；（6）病因不清、病程复杂、迁延、难于根治。口腔黏膜病学科的特殊性决定了其诊断与鉴别诊断的相对困难。本文通过浅析口腔黏膜疑难疾病的诊断思路，并结合一些案例分析，旨在给予读者以启示与帮助。

关键词: 口腔黏膜病, 病因, 诊断思路

Abstract:

The diseases of oral mucosa are composed of all the disorders affecting oral mucosa. The diseases of oral mucosa include some common diseases and rare ones. Both inherent disorders and systemic diseases with oral manifestations can affect oral mucosa. As a component of the mucous membrane system， oral mucosa has the same origin of the embryogenesis as skin， which can bring about much complexity for the diseases of oral mucosa. The diseases of oral mucosa have some characteristics， such as various entities and types， the coexistence of diverse symptoms and similar ones， alteration and overlap of lesions， variability and coexistence of lesional sites， indefinite etiology， complicated course of diseases and obstinate resistance to therapeutic methods. One kind of oral mucosal disease may manifest as different symptoms and a certain symptom may occur in different diseases of oral mucosa. Its specificity results in relative difficulty in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of oral mucosal diseases. The aim of the paper is to provide some help to the readers by case analysis as well as analyzing the line of thinking in the diagnosis of complicated cases of oral mucosa. 

Key words: oral mucosa disease, etiology, line of thinking in the diagnosis