关键词: 颞下颌关节, 软组织损伤, 髁突骨折, 关节盘移位, 外伤性骨关节炎

Abstract: Soft tissue injuries of the temporomandibular joint（TMJ），encompassing intra-articular and associated soft tissue structures，result from acute trauma and may occur in isolation or concomitantly with condylar fracture. Previous literature on TMJ injuries has predominantly focused on condylar fractures，whereas soft tissues，as integral structural components of the TMJ，have been relatively understudied in terms of injury assessment. With the increasing application of MRI，more and more scholars have recognized that soft tissue injury exerts non-negligible effects on TMJ function. This review synthesizes research advances in diagnostic modalities，classification systems，and management protocols for TMJ soft tissue injuries，aiming to provide references for promoting the standardized diagnosis and treatment of TMJ soft tissue injuries. Meanwhile，it is expected that clinicians can abandon the fracture-centric dogma in maxillofacial trauma management and actively employ MRI in the evaluation of TMJ soft tissue injuries，in order to achieve early diagnosis and early interventions to maintain oromaxillofacial health.

Key words: temporomandibular joint, soft tissue injury, condylar fracture, disc displacement, traumatic osteoarthritis