中国实用口腔科杂志

中国实用口腔科杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (1): 74-79.DOI: 10.19538/j.kq.2024.01.012

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

自体牙骨移植材料修复牙槽骨缺损的应用效果研究

郭子君1，丁    铭2，李雅冬2   

  1. 1. 中国人民解放军陆军特色医学中心口腔科，重庆  400042；2. 重庆医科大学附属第一医院口腔科，重庆  400042
  • 出版日期:2024-01-30 发布日期:2024-02-29
  • 基金资助:
    重庆市自然科学基金（面上项目）（CSTB2023NSCQ
    MSX0087）

  • Online:2024-01-30 Published:2024-02-29

摘要： 目的    研究自体牙骨移植材料结合引导骨再生术（guided bone regeneration，GBR）在修复牙槽骨缺损中的临床效果。方法    选择2020年1月至2021年10月于重庆医科大学附属第一医院口腔科就诊的需行GBR修复牙槽骨缺损的患者82例。依照随机数表法分为研究组（42例）和对照组（40例）。研究组患者在种植术中将自体牙骨移植材料植入牙槽骨缺损处，对照组患者在种植术中将Bio-Oss®骨粉植入牙槽骨缺损处。比较两组患者的种植成功率、骨组织指标（颊舌侧骨板宽度、边缘骨吸收量）、种植体稳定性值（implant stability quotient，ISQ）及不良反应发生率。结果    术后1年研究组和对照组患者种植成功率的比较，差异无统计学意义（χ2 = 0.186，P = 0.735）；两组患者术前及术后即刻的颊舌侧骨板宽度比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）；研究组术后12个月的颊舌侧骨板宽度大于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t = 3.872，P = 0.005）；研究组术后12个月的边缘骨吸收量低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t = -3.030，P = 0.039）；术后6个月研究组ISQ高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t = 2.996，P = 0.017）；两组不良反应发生率的比较，差异无统计学意义（χ2 = 0.076，P = 0.532）。结论    自体牙骨移植材料与Bio-Oss®骨粉修复牙槽骨缺损均能获得较高的治疗成功率。相比Bio-Oss®骨粉，自体牙骨移植材料能有效增加术后牙槽骨宽度，延缓种植体边缘骨吸收，获得更好的种植体稳定性，具有较高的生物安全性，值得在临床上进一步推广。

关键词: 自体牙, 骨移植材料, 口腔种植, 临床效果

Abstract: Objective    To investigate the clinical effect of autogenous tooth graft material combined with guided bone regeneration therapy（GBR）on alveolar bone defects. Methods   A total of 82 patients requiring GBR to repair alveolar bone defect were selected，who received treatment from January 2020 to October 2021 in the Stomatology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. According to the random number table method，patients were divided into experimental group（42 patients）and control group（40 patients）. In the experimental group，autogenous tooth graft material was made during implantation and was implanted into the alveolar bone defect. In the control group，patients were implanted with Bio-Oss® bone meal in alveolar bone defect. The implantation success rate，corresponding bone tissue indexes，such as buccal lingual bone plate width and marginal bone absorption volume，implant stability quotient（ISQ），and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results    There was no significant difference in the success rate of implantation between the experimental group and the control group at 1 year after surgery（χ2 = 0.186，P = 0.735）. There was no significant difference in the width of the buccal lingual bone plate between the two groups before or immediately after surgery（P > 0.05）. The width of the buccal lingual bone plate in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group at 12 months after surgery，and the difference was statistically significant（t = 3.872，P = 0.005）. The marginal bone resorption volume of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group at 12 months after operation，and the difference was statistically significant（t = -3.030，P = 0.039）. ISQ of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 6 months after surgery（t = 2.996，P = 0.017）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups（χ2 = 0.076，P = 0.532）. Conclusion    Autogenous tooth graft material and Bio-Oss® bone meal for alveolar bone defects both have high success rate. Compared with Bio-Oss® bone meal，autogenous tooth graft material can effectively improve the width of alveolar bone after surgery and delay the bone absorption at the edge of the implant，resulting in better implant stability. With high biosafety，autogenous tooth graft material is worthy of further promotion in clinical practice.

Key words: autologous teeth, bone graft materials, oral implantation, clinical effect