中国实用口腔科杂志

中国实用口腔科杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (03): 169-172.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

沈阳市12岁学生口腔健康状况及口腔健康行为抽样调查报告

  

  1. 沈阳市口腔医院，沈阳  110002
  • 收稿日期:2011-10-29 修回日期:2012-02-13 出版日期:2012-03-15 发布日期:2012-04-25

  • Received:2011-10-29 Revised:2012-02-13 Online:2012-03-15 Published:2012-04-25

摘要：

目的    了解沈阳市12岁学生口腔健康状况、口腔健康行为和口腔保健资源利用情况，为沈阳市学生口腔预防适宜措施的进一步实施提供依据。方法    于2010年1月，沈阳市口腔医院和沈阳市牙病预防保健所采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法，抽取沈阳市市内5个区12岁学生880名，男女各半。参照《WHO口腔健康调查标准（第4版）》，检查他们全口恒牙牙冠龋病情况，统计患龋率、龋均等。此外，参考《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学问卷调查方案》，设计15个问卷题目，对440名受检学生进行现场询问，了解他们口腔饮食行为、口腔卫生行为、利用口腔医疗服务行为等。结果    12岁学生恒牙患龋率为32.50%，龋均为0.56，牙龈出血及牙石检出率分别为45.91%和43.07%。每天刷牙1～2次者为91.17%，含氟牙膏使用率为80.30%。在看牙原因调查中以定期口腔健康检查及接受口腔预防措施为目的者占28.00％，仅占有效问卷数的8.56%。结论    沈阳市12岁学生恒牙龋齿预防工作取得显著成绩，患龋率和龋均呈下降趋势，但牙龈出血和牙石检出率仍较高。学生口腔健康行为中，刷牙情况和含氟牙膏使用情况良好，但定期检查及采用预防措施行为不能令人满意。提示应重视组织适应目标人群心理特点的健康教育活动和对家长进行口腔健康教育，以促进12岁学生口腔健康行为的建立和巩固。

关键词: 患龋率, 龋均, 问卷调查, 口腔卫生保健

Abstract:

Objective    To provide more supports for oral prevention measures by attaining the information of oral health status， oral health behaviors and the utilization of oral cavity care resource in students of 12 years old in primary schools from Shenyang city. Methods    A total of 880 resident students of 12 years old from Shenyang city， 440 male and 440 female， were collected at random. According to the standard of oral cavity health examination surgery-the fourth edition edited by WHO， we checked the condition of permanent teeth caries and calculated the prevalence rate of caries and DMFT mean， the status of bleeding gums and dental calculus， and so on. We designed 15 questionnaire topics according to the third country oral cavity health epidemiology questionnaire investigation plan and had on-the-spot inquiry to students in order to understand the behavior of drink and food， oral hygiene and using oral cavity medical service. Results    Prevalence rate of permanent teeth caries was 32.50%， and DMFT mean was 0.56. The detection rates of gingival bleeding and dental calculus were 45.91% and 43.07%. The tate of students who brushed teeth one time or twice every day was 91.17%. The rate of students who used toothpaste containing fluorine was 80.30%. The rate of students who went to hospital with purpose of having a regular check for teeth and receiving oral preventive measures was 28.00%，only accounting for 8.56% of available questionnaire. Conclusion    The condition of caries prevalence is still serious， although prevention work has made great progress，and the detection rates of gingival bleeding and dental calculus are still high. The situation of brushing teeth and use of fluoride toothpaste is good. However a regular check is not very common. It is very important for students and their parents to have oral health education in order to establish and consolidate students’ oral cavity health behavior.

Key words: prevalence rate of caries；caries mean； questionnaire survey； oral health hygiene care