中国实用口腔科杂志

中国实用口腔科杂志

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上颌埋伏阻生尖牙在锥形束CT和曲面体层片中的位置分布及特征研究

张月娇，刘奕   

  1. 中国医科大学附属口腔医院奉天门诊，辽宁  沈阳 110013
  • 出版日期:2018-12-15 发布日期:2019-01-09
  • 基金资助:

    辽宁省自然科学基金（20180550420）

  • Online:2018-12-15 Published:2019-01-09

摘要：

目的　通过分析上颌埋伏阻生尖牙在曲面体层片上牙冠和牙根所在区域、牙轴倾斜度及牙齿长度，对照其在锥形束CT（cone-beam computed tomography，CBCT）上的位置，找出上颌埋伏阻生尖牙的曲面体层片预测因素。方法　选取2006—2018年于中国医科大学附属口腔医院正畸科就诊的单侧上颌埋伏阻生尖牙患者135例，共计上颌埋伏阻生尖牙135颗为研究组，同一患者对侧非埋伏阻生尖牙135颗为对照组。（1）采用NNT Viewer软件、Planmeca Dimaxis Pro软件分别对患者的CBCT图像和曲面体层片进行测量，将曲面体层片中上颌埋伏阻生尖牙近远中向位置分为5区（Ⅰ ~ Ⅴ区），其唇腭侧位置由CBCT判定，分析两者相关性。（2）在曲面体层片中测量分析研究组与对照组牙冠及牙根的近远中向位置分布、牙轴倾斜度以及牙齿长度的差异。结果　（1）不同性别患者上颌埋伏阻生尖牙唇腭侧位置分布的差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 13.542，P = 0.001）。曲面体层片中上颌埋伏阻生尖牙牙根近远中向的区域定位与CBCT中相应阻生尖牙的唇腭侧位之间有显著相关性（r = 0. 225，P = 0.009）；但其牙冠间无相关性（r = 0.001，P = 0.991）。（2）两组尖牙牙冠及牙根近远中向位置分布差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为219.263、68.447，均P < 0.001）。研究组较对照组尖牙牙齿长度短，牙轴倾斜度大（均P < 0.05）。结论　利用曲面体层片中上颌阻生尖牙牙根近远中向的区域定位可预测其唇腭侧位。在曲面体层片中牙根近远中向位置和牙齿长度的测量结果可用于预测上颌埋伏阻生尖牙的发生。

关键词: 上颌埋伏阻生尖牙, 锥形束CT, CBCT, 曲面体层片, 扇形分区

Abstract:

Objective　To propose a new panoramic tomographic predictor of maxillary impact canines by the analysis of the sector of crown and root，the inclination of the dental axis and the teeth length of the maxillary impacted canines on panoramic tomographs and by comparing the position of maxillary impact canines with that on cone-beam computed tomographys（CBCT）. Methods　Collect the general datas of 135 patients who had unilateral impacted maxillary canines. A total of 135 maxillary impacted canines were included as the experimental group；the 135 non-impacted canines on the opposite side in the same patients were as the control group. （1）The NNT Viewer software and Planmeca Dimaxis Pro software were used to measure the cone-beam computed tomographys and panoramic tomographs respectively. The mesial and distal position of the maxillary impacted canine in the panoramic tomographs was divided into 5 sectors（Ⅰ ~ Ⅴ sector），the position of labiopalatal side was determined by CBCT，and the relationship between them was analyzed. （2）The difference between the mesial and distal position distribution of crown and root，the inclination of the dental axis and the teeth length of the teeth of the experimental group and the control group was measured and analyzed in the panoramic tomographs. Results　（1）The labiopalatal distribution of the maxillary impacted canines was significantly different between sexes（χ2 = 13.542，P = 0.001）. A statistically significant association was observed between the labiopalatal positions in the cone-beam computed tomographys and the root sectors in panoramic tomographs of the impacted canines （r = 0. 225，P = 0.009），but not the crown sectors（r = 0.001，P = 0.991）.（2）There are differences in the distribution of the mesial and distal positions of the crown and root between the two groups（χ2 = 219.263，68.447；both P < 0.001）. The maxillary impacted canine of the experimental group was shorter than that of the control group，and the dental axis was more inclined（P < 0.05）. Conclusion　The labiopalatal position can be predicted by the location of the mesial and distal position of the maxillary impacted canine root in the panoramic tomographs. The sector of root and the tooth length can be used to predict the probability of maxillary impacted canines.

Key words: maxillary impacted canines；cone-beem CT, CBCT；panoramic tomograph；sector classification