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02 October 2021, Volume 37 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Changes of vaginal microbiome in pregnant women.  TAO Zhi, LIAO Qin-ping 2021, 37(10): 992-994.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2021100102 Abstract ( )   Alterations of hormone and circulation of vaginal blood in maternal during pregnancy, associated with changes of diet, behavior, affected the vaginal microbiome in some ways. This review concluded the vaginal microbiome shift during pregnancy and its effectors through studying the recent advantages and trends of the literatures.

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Diagnosis and treatment of aerobic vaginitis during pregnancy. HAN Cha, XUE Feng-xia 2021, 37(10): 994-998.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2021100103 Abstract ( )   Aerobic vaginitis（AV）is a type of vaginitis characterized by decreased Lactobacillus species and overgrowth of aerobes.The common bacteria related to AV during pregnancy included Group B streptococci，Escherichia coli，Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus，which may cause preterm delivery，premature rupture of membranes，neonatal infection and other adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.High-risk pregnant women who have a history of infection-related miscarriage or preterm birth，with symptoms or not，should receive AV screening.AV during pregnancy can be diagnosed according to scores based on wet-mount smears with consideration of clinical features，or gram stain combined with clinical features.Weighing the benefits and potential risks of treatment should be taken into consideration for AV pregnant women.Safe antibiotics for pregnancy should be considered during treatment.Live Lactobacillus-containing supplementary agents and Chinese traditional medicine can also be used.

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Screening，diagnosis and treatment of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy. WANG Yan-lan, FAN Shang-rong 2021, 37(10): 999-1001.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2021100104 Abstract ( )   Bacterial vaginosis（BV）during pregnancy can cause adverse pregnancy outcomes including  premature rupture of membranes，premature birth，abortion，chorioamnionitis，neonatal infection and puerperal infections. The diagnosis of BV during pregnancy is mainly based on Amsel clinical diagnostic criteria and gram-stained Nugent score criteria.Pregnant women with a history of infection-related miscarriage，preterm delivery，or risk factors for preterm delivery should be screened for bacterial vaginosis. Those who are screened positive should be treated with oral clindamycin regimen or oral metronidazole regimen.

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Screening and diagnosis and treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis during pregnancy. SHANG Chen-guang, LIU Zhao-hui 2021, 37(10): 1002-1004.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2021100105 Abstract ( )   Due to the particularity of hormone changes，metabolic changes in vaginal microenvironment and immunological alterations during pregnancy，the increased incidence and recurrence rate of vulvovaginal candidiasis（VVC）in pregnancy has caused heavy socioeconomic burden.It is important to find a proper screening procedure and a reasonable and optimum therapeutic approach，which will be beneficial to decrease the occurrence of adverse outcomes in both mothers and neonates.

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Screening and diagnosis and treatment of trichomonas vaginalis during pregnancy. ZHANG Dai 2021, 37(10): 1005-1007.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2021100106 Abstract ( )   Trichomonas vaginalis is a common vaginal infection and sexually transmitted infection.The main symptom is abnormal secretion，and there are many asymptomatic patients.The common test method is wet film method，but there is a certain rate of missed diagnosis.The patients highly suspected with Trichomonas vaginalis infection but with  negative wet film  can be examined by nucleic acid method to help diagnosis.Patients with Trichomonas vaginalis infection during pregnancy are at increased risk of preterm birth；neonatal vertical transmission is rare，and neonatal infections are mainly urinary tract infections and lung infections.Symptomatic patients with Trichomonas vaginalis infection during pregnancy are recommended to be actively tested and treated，with Metronidazole 2g as the first choice for treatment.Metronidazole is generally considered safe to use during pregnancy.There is no consensus on the treatment of asymptomatic Trichomonas vaginalis infections during pregnancy.A multicenter study has found that the use of metronidazole as an intervention for asymptomatic Trichomonas vaginalis infection increases the risk of preterm birth.Currently asymptomatic pregnant patients are not recommended for Trichomonas vaginalis screening，unless the patient has a risk factor for preterm labor.

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Significance of reproductive tract infection in assisted reproduction.  LIU Fen-ting, LI Rong 2021, 37(10): 1007-1012.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2021100107 Abstract ( )   At present，assisted reproductive technology （ART）is a crucial and effective method to treat infertility. In recent years，it has been widely accepted that microorganisms exist in different parts of the genital tract. The microecological imbalance system will lead to a series of symptoms of reproductive tract infection or asymptomatic infection，and it is closely related to the alteration of infertility and assisted reproductive outcomes. Therefore，this article reviews the significance of reproductive tract infection in assisted reproduction.

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Significance of human cytomegalovirus in pregnancy screening. PAN Ying, HAN Xiao-xue, LI Rui-man 2021, 37(10): 1012-1016.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2021100108 Abstract ( )   Human cytomegalovirus（HCMV）is a virus that exists widely in various organs and tissues of human body.Congenital cytomegalovirus infection is a common cause of neonatal visual impairment，congenital sensopineural hearing loss，viral hepatitis，viral pneumonia and other diseases. The screening of high-risk pregnant women and their fetuses during pregnancy is an important part of clinical intervention.

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Management of severe infection during puerperium. XIAO Yun-shan, LIN Xue-yan, ZHANG Xue-qin 2021, 37(10): 1016-1020.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2021100109 Abstract ( )   Severe infections during the puerperium are mainly manifested as sepsis，multiple organ dysfunction or failure.It is a significant cause of maternal death.So far，our country still lacks clinical guidelines or expert consensus on the severe infection during puerperium.This article briefly reviews the evaluation of clinical and laboratory indexes，identification of early warning，and optimazation of intervention strategies.The aim is to study the treatment principles and clinical ideas on severe infections during puerperium，raise awareness，improve pregnancy outcomes，and protect mother/infant health.