Abstract: Cervical shortening means that the length of cervix is less than 25mm measured by vaginal ultrasound in the second trimester，which is of great significance for predicting spontaneous preterm birth and guiding clinical decision-making of threatened preterm birth.In recent years，many scholars start paying attention to high-risk factors，methods and the treatment strategies of cervical shortening.The review summarized the high-risk factors and mechanisms，indications，and clinical effects of progesterone，especially vaginal progesterone，in treating cervical shortening，in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of preterm birth.

Key words: vaginal progesterone, cervix, preterm birth

摘要： 子宫颈缩短是指妊娠中期经阴道超声测量的子宫颈长度≤25mm，对于预测自发性早产和指导先兆早产临床决策具有重要意义。近些年，国内外学者开始关注子宫颈缩短的高危因素、筛查方案及治疗手段。文章从妊娠期子宫颈缩短的高危因素谈起，阐述孕酮尤其是阴道用孕酮治疗子宫颈缩短的机制、适应证及临床疗效，为防治早产提供参考依据。

关键词: 阴道用孕酮, 子宫颈, 早产