Abstract: Intrauterine homeostasis during pregnancy is essential for optimal fetal growth and development. In face of poor intrauterine microenviroment，the fetus may have some adaptive changes through fetal programming in order to survive，which may lead to increased risk of chronic non-infectious diseases in later life. There has been evidence that epigenetics plays a significant role in fetal programming. This article focuses on the relationship between fetal programming and epigenetic changes as well as potential epigenetic regulator，which is aimed to identify biomarkers for predicting infants at high risk of adult-onset diseases and to provide new directions for early intervention and treatment of long-term complications in offspring.

Key words: intrauterine microenviroment, long-term health complications, fetal programming, epigenetics

摘要： 良好的子宫内环境对保障正常的胎儿生长和发育至关重要。面对不良的子宫内环境，胎儿可以通过“胎儿编程”发生一系列的适应性改变，增加其在子宫内的生存率，同时导致其成年患慢性非传染性疾病的风险增加。已有证据表明，表观遗传在胎儿编程过程中发挥重要作用。文章重点围绕胎儿编程与表观遗传的关系以及潜在表观调控靶点进行阐述，旨在为筛选可预测子代远期并发症的生物标志物和预防子代远期并发症的早期干预治疗提供新的方向。

关键词: 宫内微环境, 远期并发症, 胎儿编程, 表观遗传