Abstract: Fetal growth restriction is a multifactorial syndrome，involving maternal，placental，fetal and genetic factors.With the development of molecular biology，genetic factors become an important etiological factor；moreover，some metabolic and endocrine factors can also lead to fetal growth restriction.Early diagnosis of fetal growth restriction can identify the condition etiologically and the fetal status can be monitored adequately，and thereby minimizing the risk of various complications，so it is of great importance for us to understand the etiological factors deeply.

Key words: fetal growth restriction, placental factors, genetic factors

摘要： 胎儿生长受限通常是母亲、胎盘、胎儿和遗传等因素共同作用的结果。随着分子生物学的发展，遗传因素成为胎儿生长受限的重要病因，一些代谢和内分泌因素也会导致胎儿生长受限。胎儿生长受限的早期诊断可从病因学确定病情，并对胎儿进行监测，最大限度地降低各类并发症的风险。为此，深入了解病因十分重要。

关键词: 胎儿生长受限, 胎盘因素, 遗传因素