Abstract:

The vaginal microbiome is a unique and dynamic system，any disruption of which will lead to a series of problems，such as vaginitis.Vaginal microenvironment varies in response to numerous factors，including anatomical structure，microbial flora，local immunity and endocrine regulation.At present，the treatment strategy of vaginal infections is changing gradually from simply effectively killing various pathogenic microorganisms to treat vaginitis，to restoring the vaginal defense function and reconstructing vaginal microecology.Reconstruction therapy for abnormal vaginal microenvironment mainly consists of five aspects，including the recovery of vaginal pH value，the establishment of dominant flora in the vagina，the repair of vaginal mucosa and endocrine modulation，and the restoration of vaginal local immunity.Reconsidering vaginal infectious diseases，comprehensively evaluating the infectious and post-treatment status of vaginal microbiome，and recovering vaginal microenvironment using a variety of means and managements are the important treatment strategy of vaginal infections in the future.

Key words: vaginitis, vaginal microecology, microbiome, lactobacilli

摘要：

阴道微生态环境是一个独特的、动态的体系，它的破坏将会引发一系列阴道炎症等方面的问题。阴道微生态环境受到很多因素的影响，包括解剖结构、微生物菌群、局部免疫以及内分泌调节等方面。目前，阴道感染的治疗趋势，由原来的单纯的有效地杀灭各种病原微生物来治疗阴道炎症，逐步转到恢复阴道的防御功能及重建阴道微生态上来。对于阴道微生态异常状态的纠正方法，主要从5个方面进行处理，包括阴道pH值的纠正，阴道内优势菌群的建立，阴道黏膜的修复及内分泌调节，阴道局部免疫的恢复。重新认识阴道感染性疾病，全面评价感染及治疗后的阴道微生态状况，运用多种手段、多种措施来帮助妇女恢复阴道的微生态环境，将是今后治疗阴道感染的重要方法。

关键词: 阴道炎, 阴道微生态, 微生物, 乳杆菌