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25 December 2005, Volume 20 Issue 12 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Effect of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on cochlear function in children. Liu Dabo,Luo Renzhong,Chen Qian 2005, 20(12): 715-717 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo explore the effect on cochlear function of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS). MethodsFrom June 2002 to August 2003,distortionproduct otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE) were recorded in 26 obstructive sleep apnea patients (study group) and 28 controls. ResultsThe mean SaO2 of study group was 5791±1861 and the apneahypapnea index was 2910±2331.The amplitudes of DPOAE between F4~F11 and the prevalence of DPOAE between F1~F11 in study group were lower than those in controls,and the difference was significant (P<005). ConclusionCochlear function may be affected in pediatric patients with OSAS.Otoacoustic emissions should be a regular examination in pediatric patients with OSAS.

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Clinical and gene detection of tetrahydrobiopterinresponsive phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency. Ye Jun,Qiu Wenjuan,Han Lianshu 2005, 20(12): 718-720 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo get the incidence of tetrahydrobiopterin(BH4) responsive phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency among HPAs,and to find the mutations of PAH in these patients. MethodsFrom Jan. 2001 to Dec. 2004 a total of 106 patients with HPA (aged 05m~49y) were refered to this study.They were performed BH4 (20mg/kg) or combined with Phe(100mg/kg) loading test,urinary pterin analysis as well as dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) activity determination in dried blood spot. ResultsFortyone out of 106(387%) HPAs were considered as having BH4responsive phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency.Their Phe levels decreased from (816±431)μmol/L before taking BH4 to (267±198)μmol/L within 24h after BH4 loading respectively,with a decrease rate of blood Phe levels of 67±19%.Urinary biopterin percentage and DHPR activity were all normal in 41 patients,so they were ruled out BH4 deficiency.The incidence of BH4responsive PAH deficiency was 611%(11/18) in patients with mild HPA. ConclusionAbout 40%~60% of patients with mild HPA and mild PKU have a response to BH4 in our group.The BH4 loading test is an effective and simple method of diagnosis for this kind of disease.The patients can be treated with single BH4 or combined with lowPhe diet.

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Clinical significance of continuous glucose monitoring in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Lu Zhong,Shen Shuixian,Luo Feihong 2005, 20(12): 721-723 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo determine the glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus with CGMS. MethodsTotally 28 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus ［16 male and 12 female; mean age( 1313±452)years,mean courses of disease (551±343)years,7 patients using CSII and 21 using MDI］ were enrolled in the study from Oct. 2003 to Jun.2004. ResultsMean HbA1c( 84±16)%,MDI group was higher in HbA1c than CSII group;the two groups had significant differences(P<005).Totally 77 high and 79 low glucose patterns were detected with the CGMS and only 19 low glucose patterns with the logbook records.The CGMS detected unrecognized hypoglycemia in 471% of the subjects.The duration of hypoglycemia was reported at (766±928)min,and was significantly longer at nighttime ［(11237±11711)min］ than in daytime ［(4146±3914)min］.Hypoglycemia was more prevalent at night compared with daytime,particularly during 11pm to 7am,accounting for 583% of the total time experienced in hypoglycemia.The prevalence of postprandial hyperglycemia was parallel with the increasing of HbA1c,while that of hypoglycemia had adverse tendency.When hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia occurred,all the children and adolescents were asymptomatic. ConclusionHypoglycemia and postprandial hyperglycemia are prevalent in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.Continuous glucose monitoring system is a useful tool for detecting hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia.

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Clinical studies on the investigation of Apo E polymorphism in children with obesity. Liu Changyun，Guan Lixue,Wang Yongqin 2005, 20(12): 724-727 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the distribution of apolipoprotein(Apo)E polymorphism and association of Apo E genotypes with plasma lipids in children with simple obesity.And to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of CHD. MethodsFrom Dec.2002 to Dec.2004,89 children with simple obesity and 76 healthy children from 6 to 14 years old were chosen as obesity group and control group.Serum triglyceride(TG)，total cholesterol(TC)，low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDLC)，high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC)，Apolipoprotein A1(Apo A1)，Apolipoprotein B100(Apo B100)were measured after they were fasted for 12 hours.Polymerase chain reactionrestricted fragments length polymorphism(PCRRFLP)，polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis，and silver staining technique were used for the detection of apolipoprotein E genotype. ResultsFour genotypes of Apo E were detected,and their distribution was imbalanced，most of them being ε3 alleles.Compared with the control group，the frequency of ε4 allele in obesity group was higher(P<005).Apo E polymorphisms may affect plasma lipid levels of healthy and obesity children. ConclusionChildren with the simple obesity have different patterns of Apo E polymorphisms as compared with healthy children.Apo E polymorphisms may affect plasma lipids metabolism.

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Reseach on the relation between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism and bone mineral density among the 06 years old Han children. Yu Xiaodan,Yan Chonghuai,Jin Xingming 2005, 20(12): 728-731 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo explore the relation between vitamin D receptor(VDR) gene polymorphism and bone mineral density(BMD) of Han children aged 0~6 years,and to offer the foundation for the early prevention of clinically low BMD among children. Methods204 0~6 yearold Han children without bone metabolism disease were randomly selected.Questionnaire investigation and physical measurement of height and weight were done.Serum zinc measured.by the atomic absorption spectrum instrument.Serum 25(OH)D3 measured by radioimmunity.The BMD of middle point at the tibia measured with ultrasonic bone density instrument.VDR gene polymorphism(cleavaged by restriction endonuclease of ApaI，TaqI，BsmI，FokI) analyzed by PCR RFLP.The association between the VDR genetic polymorphism and BMD was made by the statistical method of univarience analysis. ResultsWhen the influence of such factors as serum 25(OH)D3,serum zinc and outdoor activities on bone density was removed,the gene types of BsmI and FokI were found apparently related to bone density.The bone density of the Bb genotype showed a much lower percentage than that of bb genotype with an obvious difference (P<005) correspondently shown from 2200% to 4314%,while the bone density of the ff genotype is even lower than that of genoype Ff and genotype FF with an extremely obvious difference (P<0001) correspondently shown in their percentage of 2697%,3795% and 5352%.In locus on Apa I and Taq I,the genotypes of the alleles showed no association with bone density. ConclusionThe VDR gene polymorphism in the site cleavaged by restriction endonuclease of BsmI，FokI is related to the BMD of Han children aged 0~6 years.

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Associated factors analysis and probiotics protection in diarrhea of children with pneumonia. Tang Qiuyu,Lin Binrong,Wu Bin 2005, 20(12): 732-734 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo investigate correlation factors of diarrhea in children with pneumonia and assess the efficacy of probiotics (Bifico,oral capsules of live combined Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus and Enterococcus) in diarrhea in children with pneumonia who were treated in hospital over 3 days. MethodsA total of 420 children with pneumonia were reviewed from Jan.2002 to May 2004.The final study population consisted of 314 children from 1 month to 13 years (mean:274 years).Analysis of variance (ANOVA) study and nonconditional multiplicity logistic regression model analysis were used to analyze the relationships between the clinical features of children with pneumonia,the use of Bifico and diarrhea in children with pneumonia.The data were managed by EPI Info 501a and analyzed by SPSS(Version 100). ResultsThe morbidity was 184% in case group treated with the use of Bifico; and 395% in the control group were treated without Bifico or with Bifico because of diarrhea 3 days later.ANOVA indicated:age,hospitalization day,residence place,severity of pathogenetic condition,blood granulocyte count,Hb,the use of hormone,Bifico and invaded operations in hospital were related to diarrhea in children with pneumonia.Nonconditional multiplicity logistic regression model analysis showed that age(χ2=14120，P=0000),hospitalization day(χ2=11532，P=0001) and invaded operations in hospital(χ2=6827，P=0009) were risk factors.The prophylactic use of probiotics was an independent protective factor(χ2=12943，P=0000). ConclusionLonger hospitalization days,younger age and invaded operations in hospital may increase the incidence of diarrhea in children with pneumonia.Probiotics may be used to reduce the morbidity of diarrhea of children with pneumonia.

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Analysis of virus pathogens in children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection in Chongqing Children's Hospital. Wang Lijia,Liu Enmei,Zhao Xiaodong 2005, 20(12): 735-737 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo analyse the virus pathogens that caused children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection in Chongqing from 2003 to 2005. MethodsThe 7 common respiratory viruses,including respiratory syncitial virus (RSV),adenovirus,influnenza A and B,and parainfluenza 1,2,3,were detected by using immunofluenscence viral antigen rapid diagnosis in nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPS) of children with acute respiratory infection. ResultsIn totally 1052 samples,3888% (409/1052) was shown to be viral positive.360 samples were RSV positive and 37 samples were parainfluenza 3 positive.The peak season of RSV infection was between December and February.Another epidemiological season might in July and August.Most of RSV infection cases were less than 3 years old.The ratio of male to female was 2∶1. ConclusionRSV is the most common viral pathogen in children hospitalized with acute respiratory infection in Chongqing from 2003 to 2005.

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Investigation on the viral etiology of acute lower respiratory tract infection in Wenzhou Yuying children's hospital. Xiang Qiangwei,Luo Yunchun,Chen Xiaofang. 2005, 20(12): 738-740 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo study the infectious state of virus in children suffered from acute lower respiratory tract infection from Janurary 2003 to Janurary 2005 in Wenzhou area. MethodsPatients suffering from acute lower respiratory tract infection(ALRI) who were admitted to the Affiliated YuYing Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College from Janurary 2003 to Janurary 2005 were chosen.Their nasopharyngeal secretions(NPS) were obtained for identification of seven kinds of respiratory viral antigens by direct immunofluorescence assay. ResultsAmong the all 2073 samples,1006(485%)positive results were determined.Of the 1006,respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) accounted for 798(793%),parainfluenzaⅢ(PIVⅢ)106(105%),adenoviruses(ADV) 31(30%),influenza virus A(IVA)26(26%),influenza virus B 6(06%),parainfluenzaⅠ15(15%),RSV and IVA mixed infection 18(18%),RSV and PIV Ⅲ 3(03%),RSV and PIVⅠ3(03%). ConclusionRSV infections are dominant in ALRI in Wenzhou,followed by PIVⅢ.The most respiratory viral infections occur in children between 1 and 6 months.In addition,most bronchiolitis and severe pneumonia are caused by respiratory virus.

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Analysis and determination of astrovirus infection in children hospitalized with diarrhea in Tianjin Children's Hospital. Zhang Hongwei,Xu Xiaohua,Liu Fenglin 2005, 20(12): 741-742 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo study clinical and epidemiological features of astrovirus infection in baby patients suffering from diarrhea in Tianjin. MethodsTo examine the astrovirus antigen and the rotavirus antigen in the stool of baby patients with diarrhea via EIA. ResultsOf the 344 baby patients with diarrhea, the astrovirus antigen rate was 16.6% (57/344), and the simultaneous rotavirus infected person rate reached 9.9% (34/344); the invasion age ranged from one month old to two years old; the infection usually occurred in winter; it was difficult to tell the clinical symptoms of astrovirus from that of rotavirus infection; and the prognosis was excellent. ConclusionAstrovirus infection may be one of the main causes of the diarrhea in baby patients in Tianjin and other northern regions,and launching etiology examination helps to avoid abusing antibiotic and prevent epidemic disease from breaking out.