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06 March 2005, Volume 21 Issue 03    Next Issue
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Effect of biofeedback balance training on cognitive function of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Cheng Jia,Wang Yufeng,Feng Lei. 2006, 21(03): 174-177 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo study the effect of biofeedback balance training on cognitive function of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. MethodsFrom Sep.2001 to Sep.2004,36 cases were diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria of DSMIV,ranging from 10 to 16 years old.Pre and postBalance Master treatment (20 times),CWISCR,WIMS and STROOP Test were administered.And they were also compared to the normal control. ResultsLong term memory,memory quotient and the freefromdistractibility factor of CWISCR were lower than normal control.In Stroop test,the finishing time and time for eliminating the interference of word and color was longer than normal control;false number in C and D part was more than normal control.After therapy longterm memory,shortterm memory and memory quotient in WMS were improved (P<0.05).The freefromdistractibility factor of CWISCR were increased significantly (P<0.001).Finishing time of D part has a decreased tendency(P=0.074). ConclusionBalance master therapy can improve cognitive function of ADHD child to a certain degree,especially in improving concentration,memory and impulsive control ability.

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Measurement and analysis of antioxidants,antioxidative enzyme and malondialdehyde in obese children. Xiao Weiqiang,Xiao Zhiqiang,Li Yanping 2006, 21(03): 182-184 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether obesity might cause increased oxidative stress in the bodies of obese children,and to explore its possible mechanism. MethodsFrom Oct.2004 to Mar.2005,eighty obese children (OCs),and eighty healthy children (HCs) whose age and others,except for body mass index (BMI),were matched with the OCs,were enrolled in a casecontrol study,in which the levels of vitamin C (VC),vitamin E (VE),and βcarotene (βCAR) in plasma,as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase (CAT),and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in erythrocytes were determined by spectrophotometry. ResultsCompared with the average values of VC,VE,βCAR,SOD,CAT,and MDA in the HCs group,the average values of VC,VE,βCAR,SOD,and CAT in the OCs group were significantly decreased (P<0.001),and the average value of MDA in the OCs group was significantly increased (P<0.001).The findings from the partial correlation analysis between BMI and VC,VE,βCAR,SOD,CAT,and MDA for 80 OCs while controlling the age and the course of disease suggested that with increased BMI the values of VC,VE,βCAR,SOD,and CAT were gradually decreased (P<0.05~0.01),and MDA was gradually increased (P<0.001).The findings from the reliability analysis for VC,VE,βCAR,SOD,CAT,and MDA used to reflect increased oxidative stress in the OCs showed that the reliability coefficients (alpha,6 items) = 0.7231,P<0.0001,and that the standardized item alpha = 0.9207,P<0.0001. ConclusionThe findings in the present study suggest that there exists an increased oxidative stress in the bodies of obese children,and such phenomena are closely correlated with increased BMI in the obese children.

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Correlation of birth weight across generations. Shan Xiaoyi,Mi Jie，Hou Dongqing 2006, 21(03): 185-187 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo identify the impact that birth weights of parents exert on the birth weights of offsprings and to report some evidences of genetic and environmental influence on human birth weight. MethodsThe study was done from 1995 to 2001 retrospectively.The subjects were from the cohort of Intrauterine Programming and Adult Diseases (totaling 975 cases,494 males,481 females),who were born during 1948~1954 in Peking Union Hospital.The data was based on the clinical birth report from the hospital and selfreport from subjects by questionnaire.The correlations of birth weight between parents and offsprings were compared and analyzed. ResultsThe influence from maternal parity,parturition age,and the height and weight of her spouse being controlled,there was a significant positive correlation (r=0.32,P<0.001)of birth weight between mothers’ and their offsprings'.The Odds Ratio of low birth weight in the first born child was 3.7 whose mother was low birth weight,with mother ’s birth weight being above 3500 g as reference.But there is no relationship of gestational age between mothers and offsprings.And the correlation of birth weight and gestational age between fathers and their offsprings was not observed. ConclusionTo some extent,the mothers with low birth weight may impose the adverse effect of her poor intrauterine programming on her offsprings' fetal growth.

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A clinical sampling study on risk factors in hyperlipidemia of children. Han Wei,Mi Jie,Liu Ying 2006, 21(03): 188-190 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo discuss the risk factors of hyperlipidemia in children by sampling studies,and provide objective standard for the early monitoring of children hyperlipidemia. MethodsIn Sep.2004,962 students from Beijing Jingshan School between 5 and 19 years of age were investigated by the Department of Pediatrics of the First Hospital of Peking University,and enzymology was used to measure serum TC,TG,HDLC and LDLC.We used sitting height,waistline,arm girth and BMI to reflect the obesity,and analysed the relation between these indexes and blood lipids levels. ResultsOf 962 students,122 were found to have hyperlipidemia,and the proportion was 12.68%.The sitting height,waistline,arm girth and BMI of children with hyperlipidemia were evidently different from those of the normal subjects(P<0.05).A positive correlation was highly remarkable between these indexes and serum TG(P<0.01)and a negative correlation was highly remarkable between these indexes and serum HDLC(P<0.01). ConclusionResults suggest that sitting height,waistline,arm girth and BMI are the risk factors of hyperlipidemia in children.

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The clinical features and prognosis of infantile spasms:analysis of 127 cases. Wang Yi,Chen Wen,Qiu Penglin 2006, 21(03): 191-193 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the clinical features and the prognosis of infantile spasms. MethodsThis is a cohort study.From Jun.1998 to Dec.2002,the medical records of patients with IS in children's Hospital of Fudan University were analyzed.The demographic data,seizure details,developmental status,neurologic findings at presentation and followup,and electroencephalographic (EEG),neuroimaging,metabolic,hematologic,and chemistry test were reviewed.And all the patients were followed up for more than three years.The predictors of prognosis of infantile spasms were analyzed. ResultsA total of 127 patients who were diagnosed as infantile spasms at the Children s Hospital of Fudan University between January 1999 and December 2002 were involved in the study.All the patients were treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and had been followed up for more than 3 years.The mean age of seizures onset was 6.12±3.1months (range=0.8~12).The mean duration of followup from onset of seizures was 38±8 months (range = 36~54).The underlying causes were determined in 72.4% of patients.There were 27.6% of patients with idiopathic or cryptogenic spasms.The EEG appearances were hypsarrhythmia,general or focal slow spike and waves or burstsuppression.ACTH,valproate,clonazepam,nitrazepam,phenobarbital,topiramate and lamortrigine were used in the therapy of this group.76.1% of patients with symptomatic spasms were refractory to medical therapy and with severe subsequent retardation.60.8% of children with idiopathic spasms without seizures with AEDs therapy.The prognosis depended on the etiology,age of onset <3 month,development delay before onset and focal or multifocal discharges on interictal EEG. ConclusionIn this study,the risk factors that correlate with the prognosis of infantile spasms may include the etiology,age of onset less than 3 month,development delay before onset and focal or multifocal discharges on interictal EEG.

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A research on teeth lead and its effects on children’s growth. Tang Jianbo,Zhang Xinchun,Xing Jianmin 2006, 21(03): 194-196 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo understand the relationship between lead load and its effects on children's growth in this area by measuring the lead content with teeth lead as reference sample. MethodsSamples collected by Huzhou Matemal and Children Care Hosital between June 2002 and February 2004 were randomly selected from 10 urban and rural kindergartens in Huzhou area,and teeth lead content in deciduous teeth (up incisor) analyzed among 171 children;ROC method was used to identify the high threshold of teeth lead level. ResultsThe high threshold of teeth lead was 19.50μg /g;by analyzing the correlation between growth index and teeth lead concentration (logarithmic conversion),it is shown that there was a reciprocal relationship between high threshold of teeth lead and height (r=-0.370，P<0.01) with statistical significance,and no statistical relationship between high threshold of teeth lead and weight or head size.With teeth lead as a variant,a progressive modeling of multiplelinear regression was adopted to show that teeth lead had statistical significance on eight factors such as children’s attention,height and professions of mothers (F=10.312 P<0.01). ConclusionLead contamination from mother's profession,canned food,nailgnawing habit and nutritional deficiency are the main factors to contribute to the increase of lead concentration of children in this area.

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Changes and significance of the expression of brainderived neurotrophic factor in children with simple obesity. Tong Guoyuan，Ye Liyan，Chen Xinmin 2006, 21(03): 197-200 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo observe the difference of serum BDNF levels between simple obesity children and healthy children with normal weight,and explore the relativities between BDNF and human obesity and leptin resistance and insulin resistance. MethodsFrom May 2004 to May 2005,37 children with simple obesity and 31 health controls were enrolled into the study in the Department of Pediatrics of Fuzhou General Hospital.Serum BDNF and insulin levels were detected by ELISA ，serum leptin concentrations were examined by radioimmunoassay.The differences of serum BDNF levels and INS and LEP between simple obesity and healthy children were compared,the relativities between serum BDNF levels and INS and LEP were analyzed. Results(1)Compard with the healthy children,obese children significantly expressed higher BMI (P<0.01)and higher serum leptin levels (P<0.01)and higher serum insulin levels (P<0.01)and lower serum BDNF levels (P<0.01).(2)The most important factors influencing serum leptin level were listed as follows:BMI>ALT>BDNF (R2=0.5946，F=30.31，P<0.01)；The most important factors influencing serum insulin level were listed as follows:BMI>BDNF(R2=0.2647，F=11.34，P<0.01). Conclusion(1) Obese children lack BDNF,and they don’t characterize “BDNF resistance”.(2) Both children’s serum leptin and insulin levels are greatly affected by BMI and serum BDNF levels.And serum BDNF levels are their independent factors which are negatively correlated with them.It shows that administering BDNF may lighten the leptin resistance and insulin resistance in obese children.

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Influence of obese pregnancy on anthropometric parameters and leptin levels of offspring in infancy. Zhang Xiao,Xia Guang,Li Aibing. 2006, 21(03): 201-202 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo study influence of obese pregnancy on anthropometric parameters and leptin levels of offspring in infancy. MethodsFrom Jun.2002 to Jun.2003,respectively separately 80 obese and normal pregnancy were selected in People's Hospital of Wuhan University,then we compared anthropometric parameters(high,weight) and leptin levels of their offspring in infancy.Leptin was examined by using a doubleantibody with filling ELISA assay. Results(1)Serum leptin levels was significantly higher in obese pregnancy than in normal pregnancy(P<0.01);(2)Born weight and the cord blood leptin levels were significantly higher in offspring of obese pregnancy than of normal pregnancy(P<0.01);(3)Weight and serum leptin levels in one year were significantly higher in offspring of obese pregnancy than of normal pregnancy(P<0.01). ConclusionObese pregnancy significantly affects weight and leptin levels of women offspring in infancy,and whether these effects affect anthropometric parameters and leptin levels after one year needs further researchs.

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The research on language development in 2 to 4yearold children. Zhang Yiwen,Jin Xingming,Shen Xiaoming 2006, 21(03): 203-205 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo identify the language development in 2 to 4yearold children. MethodsThe study population consisted of a crosssectional convenience sample of 713 children,aged 24~47 months old.Parents were asked to complete detailed questionnaires about their children's emerging language skills in the areas of using particles and phrases. Results(1) There was a significant gender difference in grammatical development between 24 to 35 months;girls could express more kinds of particles and phrases than boys.(2) Actoraction and actionobject were the earliest phrases children mastered.At 30 months,98% of children could use these two phrases,and 90% could use the particles de and zai and the phrases involving locationobject,negativeaction,and actoractionobject. ConclusionIt is very helpful for professionals to consult and evaluate the language development of children,and it is also good for children's language education and language rehabilitation.

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Study of glucose and lipid metabolism in girls with precocious puberty and the relationship with adiponectin. Cai Xiding,Chen Liqin,Liang Li 2006, 21(03): 206-208 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the change of glucose and lipid metabolism in girls with precocious puberty and the relationship with adiponectin. MethodsFrom Jun. to Oct. 2004,a total of 50 central precocious puberty girls aged from 6 to 9 years were evaluated in this study in the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Medical College of Zhejiang University.(groupA1,TannerⅡ,n=31,7.9±0.9 years;groupA2,TannerⅢ,n=19,8.3±1.0 years).Biochemical indicators,included fasting glucose,fasting insulin,TG and cholesterol,were measured.Oral glucose (1.75g/kg,no more than 75g) tolerance test (OGTT) was also done and serum glucose and insulin were measured in 0 min,30 min,1 h,2 h and 3 h.The levels of serum fasting adiponectin was measured by ELISA method.Insulin sensitivity was estimated by WBISI and HOMAIR.Thirtyfour prepuberty girls were set as controls. Results1)The level of FINS and HOMAIR increased in CPP girls,as compared with the control group (P<0.01).2) The level of cholesterol in groupA1 was significantly higher than in control children.However,cholesterol in groupA2 and TG in CPP girls showed no significant difference from the control group.3)Body mass index(BMI) in CPP girls was significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.05).Among these 50 CPP girls,8 of them were overweight and 4 of them were obese children.4) Adiponectin in CPP girls was significantly lower than in the control group(P<0.01).5) There was a significant negative correlation between BMI and WBSIS in CPP girls(r=-0.31,P<0.05),and a significant positive correlation was found between BMI and HOMAIR(r=0.30,P<0.05).Furthermore,a significant negative correlation between BMI and adiponectin was found in CPP girls(r=-0.43,P<0.01).The adiponectin level showed significant positive correlation with WBISI(r=0.29,P<0.05),but there was no significant correlation between adiponectin and WBISI in multiple regression analysis.6)Except 12 overweight and obese CPP girls,the level of FINS and HOMAIR also increased in CPP girls,but the level of adiponectin showed no significant difference. Conclusion(1)The findings of this study indicate that insulin resistance might be involved in CPP girls,especially in girls with high BMI.(2) Decrease of adiponectin might be partly responsible for the insulin resistance in overweight or obese CPP girls.

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A study on antithrombin III,VWF and Ddimer in plasma of asphyxial newborns. Li Zhiguang,Feng Zhangui Wen Feiqiu 2006, 21(03): 211-213 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo observe the changes of antithrombin III,VWF and Ddimer in asphyxial newborns and study their clinical significane. MethodsFrom 2002 to 2004 ELISA was used to detect ATIII,VWF and Ddimer in 39 cases of asphyxic newborns and 16 normal newborns in Shenzhen People's Hospital. ResultsAntithrombin III in the newborns with severe asphyxia decreased significantly.VWF and Ddimer in the asphyxic newborns were higher than those in the normal controls,especially for the severe asphyxia (P<0.05，P<0.01).VWF and Ddimer in the asphyxial newborns complicated with intracranial hemorrhage were higher than those with other complications or without complications(P<0.05；P<0.01). ConclusionMeasurement of antithrombin III,VWF and Ddimer are useful in evaluating the severity,therapy and prognosis for asphyxic newborns.

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The introduction of Yale Globle Tic Severity Scale into the clinical evaluation of children with tic disorders. Zhong Youquan,Wu Ju,Xie Xiaoli 2006, 21(03): 214-216 .  Abstract ( )   AbstractObjectiveTo introduce Yale Globle Tic Severity Scale( YGTSS )and evaluate its efficacy and reliability. MethodsThe scale was translated into Chinese with the effort to keep its original literal meaning.From July 2001 to June 2002,72 cases of tic children were evaluated with YGTSS：their total scores were compared with disease severity reflected by their ICD10 classification;the clinical efficacy was also evaluated through comparing their score increment after treatment and the subjective judgement on the clinical improvement by the patents.In Another 24 patients,5 dimensional scores (number,frequency,intensity,complexity and interference) of both movement and vocal tics were recorded.Together with their total scores,the interobserver reliability of the scale was evaluated. ResultsThe total scores of tic children were found to be consistent with the ICD10 Classification and the score increment correlated well with the clinical improvement(F=59.31 and 124.44,respectively,P<0.01).The intraclass correlation coefficient( ICC ) of 5 dimensional scores of movement and vocal tics as well as the total scores were all greater than 0.7,indicating the excellent interobserver consistency of the scale. ConclusionThe Chinese version of YGTSS shows good efficiency and reliability,hence should be a useful method in evaluating tic severity.