Abstract: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a leading cause of neonatal mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental impairment worldwide. Over the past two decades，therapeutic hypothermia and other interventions have significantly improved the clinical diagnosis and treatment levels，yet substantial regional variations in practice remain，and several critical clinical questions remain unresolved. Multicenter collaborative networks have become essential drives of progress in this field，encompassing population-based registries，randomized controlled trial consortia，and quality improvement initiatives. This review summarizes the characteristics and development of major international collaborative networks of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy，highlighting their contributions to registries，clinical trials，and quality improvement. Drawing on international experience，this review also discusses directions for the future development of multicenter collaborative networks for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in China.

Key words: neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, collaborative networks, registries, quality improvement

摘要： 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病是全球新生儿死亡和神经发育障碍的主要原因之一。过去20年间，随着亚低温治疗等干预手段应用，临床诊疗水平显著提升，但不同地区间实践差异依然存在，且多个关键临床问题仍待解答。多中心协作网络已成为推动该领域发展的核心力量，包括注册登记系统、随机对照试验协作组和质量改进项目等。文章综述了国际主要新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病协作网络的特征与发展，尤其在注册研究、临床试验和质量改进方面的贡献，并结合国际经验探讨未来中国新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病多中心协作网络建设的方向。

关键词: 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病, 协作网络, 注册研究, 质量改进