Abstract: Invasive fungal infection（IFI） is a fungal infection that invades deep tissues and organs as well as the whole body. Premature infants，newborns，and children with severe primary diseases are at high risk of invasive fungal infections. In recent years，with the increasing number of children with IFI，the increasing difficulty of pediatric IFI diagnosis，and the emergence of fungal resistance，the mortality rate has increased significantly. Pediatric IFI patients have low immunity，high complexity of drug use，atypical infection symptoms，and difficulty in early diagnosis，which increase the difficulty of clinical diagnosis and treatment in children with IFI. This article reviews the challenges faced by pediatric IFI in the treatment and the research progress in new drugs and new diagnostic and therapeutic methods，which helps to increase the attention to pediatric IFI patients，thus providing a reference for the prevention of high-risk children，the early diagnosis and treatment of pediatric IFI children，and the research direction of new drugs and new methods. 
Keyword

Key words: pediatric invasive fungal infection, challenge, research progress

摘要： 侵袭性真菌感染（invasive fungal infection，IFI）是侵袭深部组织和器官以及全身性的真菌感染。早产儿、新生儿、原发病较重患儿是侵袭性真菌感染的高发人群，近年来，随着IFI患儿的不断增多、儿科IFI诊断难度的增大以及真菌耐药性的出现，IFI病死率有明显上升趋势。IFI患儿免疫力低、药物应用复杂性强、感染症状不典型、早期诊断难度较大等，均增加了IFI患儿的临床诊治难度。文章对儿科IFI在治疗中面临的挑战以及新的药物、新的诊断和治疗方法的研究进展进行了综述，有助于提高对IFI患儿的重视，从而为高危患儿的预防、IFI患儿的早期诊断和治疗及新药物新方法的研究方向提供参考。

关键词: 儿科侵袭性真菌感染, 挑战, 研究进展