Abstract:

Objective    To investigate self-consciousness and its relevant factors in children with primary nocturnal enuresis（PNE）， to know the characteristics of children with PNE who may appear self-consciousness disorders， and to analyze the related influencing factors of self-consciousness disorders in those children who have primary nocturnal enuresis. Methods    In Beijing Children’s Hospital，Capital Medical University，a total of 158 children with primary nocturnal enuresis were recruited to the enuretic group from August 2011 to August 2014. Subjective questionnaire was used to collect the general information，get the medical history of enuresis. Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale（PHCSS） was used to test the patients’ self-consciousness，and compare with the general norm data of healthy children so as to evaluate the  patients’ self-consciousness. Results    The detection rate of PNE children with low self-consciousness was significantly higher than the general norm data of healthy children. In children with PNE，the scores of behavior，intelligence and school situation，physical appearance and attributes and the total score in boys were much lower than girls，and boys had higher incidence of self-consciousness disorder than those of girls. All factor scores and the total score in the older group were much lower than those in the younger group. The factor score of happiness and satisfaction in PNE children of single parent family was lower than that in core family and large family. All factor scores and the total score in PNE children with poor family relationship were lower than those with harmonious family relationship. The factor scores of physical appearance and attributes，gregariousness，happiness and satisfaction and the total score in PNE children with moderate or poor family economic status were much lower than those with good family economic status. The worse the academic performance and peer relations，the lower the self-consciousness scale factor scores and total score of PNE children. Those results were statistically significant（P＜0.05）. Conclusion    PNE children have lower self awareness than healthy children. Pediatricians should treat enuresis actively and reduce the occurrence of self-consciousness dysfunction.

Key words: primary nocturnal enuresis, child, self-consciousness, related factors

摘要：

目的    探讨原发性遗尿症（PNE）患儿自我意识及其相关因素，了解可能出现自我意识障碍的PNE患儿的特点，分析PNE患儿出现自我意识障碍的相关因素。方法    选择2011年8月至2014年8月在首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院遗尿门诊确诊为PNE的7～15岁158例患儿作为研究对象，用主观一般情况调查表收集患儿的一般情况，采集患儿的遗尿病史并采用儿童自我意识量表（PHCSS）对患儿进行自我意识调查，将自我意识结果与中国常模进行比较，评估患儿的自我意识水平。结果    PNE患儿自我意识低下的检出率明显高于全国常模PNE男孩自我意识量表的行为、智力与学校情况、躯体外貌与属性因子分和总分低于女孩，男孩自我意识障碍的检出率高于女孩；高年龄组PNE患儿自我意识量表各因子分和总分均低于低年龄组患儿；单亲家庭PNE患儿自我意识量表的幸福与满足因子分低于核心家庭和大家庭的患儿；家庭关系一般或差的PNE患儿自我意识水平低；家庭经济状况中等或差的PNE患儿在躯体外貌与属性、合群、幸福与满足因子及总分得分明显低于家庭经济状况好的患儿；学习成绩及同伴关系越差，患儿自我意识量表各因子分和总分越低；上述结果差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论    PNE患儿较一般儿童的自我意识水平低下，要积极治疗遗尿症，减少自我意识障碍的发生。

关键词: 原发性遗尿症, 儿童, 自我意识, 相关因素