Abstract: With the deepening understanding of the pathogenesis of autoinflammatory diseases，biologics targeting interleukin-1（IL-1）have represented a revolutionary breakthrough in the treatment of pediatric rheumatic and immune disorders.IL-1 inhibitors significantly improve the outcomes of children with conditions such as systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis，macrophage activation syndrome，and various autoinflammatory diseases by precisely blocking key inflammatory pathways.This article，based on the latest evidence and clinical experience，provides a concise overview of the mechanisms of action，current clinical applications，individualized treatment strategies，and future development directions of IL-1 inhibitors.

Key words: interleukin-1 inhibitors, pediatric rheumatic and immune diseases, autoinflammatory diseases, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis

摘要： 随着对自身炎症性疾病发病机制研究的深入，以白细胞介素（IL）-1为靶点的生物制剂已成为儿童风湿免疫性疾病治疗领域的革命性突破。IL-1抑制剂通过精准阻断关键炎症通路，可显著改善包括全身型幼年特发性关节炎、巨噬细胞活化综合征及多种自身炎症性疾病患儿的预后。该文结合最新证据与自身临床实践，简明阐述 IL-1抑制剂的作用机制、临床应用现状、个体化治疗策略及未来发展方向。

关键词: font-family:", font-size:17px, background-color:#FFFFFF, ">白细胞介素-1抑制剂, 儿童风湿免疫性疾病, 自身炎症性疾病, 全身型幼年特发性关节炎