Abstract: Allergic rhinitis（AR）is a common inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract in children，which adversely affects local nasal function and exacerbates asthma，inducing otitis media and sinusitis and leading to olfactory dysfunction in children.The condition can also impair children’s sleep quality and their growth and development.Furthermore，long-term mouth breathing may lead to craniofacial dysplasia.Concurrently，AR has been associated with a decline in cognitive and learning abilities and a broad deterioration in quality of life in children，causing emotional and behavioral problems. Therefore，we need to not only raise public awareness about AR in children but also pay attention to its effects on their physical and mental health.It is important to establish a comprehensive assessment system that addresses both local and overall complications and to conduct early diagnosis and treatment in order to stop disease progression.

Key words: child, allergic rhinitis, sleep, growth and development, mental health

摘要： 变应性鼻炎（allergic  rhinitis，AR）是儿童上气道常见的炎症性疾病，该疾病除对鼻腔局部的功能产生影响外，还可加重儿童的哮喘症状，引起中耳炎及鼻窦炎，导致嗅觉障碍；影响儿童的睡眠质量和生长发育，长期口呼吸还可导致颅面部发育异常；AR 可导致儿童认知与学习能力下降，生活质量全面受损，引发情绪行为等心理问题。因此，不仅要提高全社会对儿童 AR 的重视，更要关注 AR 对儿童身心健康的影响，建立从局部到全身的综合评估体系，早诊早治阻断疾病进展。

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