Abstract:

Autoimmune encephalitis（AE）is a disease in which autoimmune mechanisms lead to diffuse or multiple inflammatory lesions in the brain parenchyma，resulting in neurological dysfunction. AE combined with related tumors are called paraneoplastic AEs，and the paraneoplastic AE that is consistent with limbic encephalitis is called paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis.The clinical manifestations of pediatric AEs are complex and diverse，and they are very different from adult AEs in terms of clinical disease spectrum，incidence of concomitant tumors，clinical manifestations，disease process，treatment efficacy，and final prognosis. This article summarizes the research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of AEs in children in recent years，aiming to arouse the attention of clinicians to AEs and provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

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