Abstract: Dilated cardiomyopathy （DCM） is a group of cardiomyopathies characterized by enlargement of the left ventricle or both ventricles accompanied by systolic dysfunction， which ranks first in the incidence of cardiomyopathies in pediatric patients， with cardiac enlargement， heart failure， arrhythmia and even embolism as the basic clinical manifestations. Its treatment includes etiologic therapy， drug therapy and surgical therapy，aiming to effectively control heart failure and arrhythmia， prevent sudden death and embolism， and improve the quality of life and survival rate of patients， among which anti-heart-failure drug therapy is the basis of DCM treatment. In this article， we discuss the drug selection and treatment progress of heart failure in DCM children， in order to provide guidance and recommendations for clinical treatment.

Key words: dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, drugs, treatment, child

摘要： 扩张型心肌病（dilated cardiomyopathy，DCM）是一类以心脏左心室或双心室扩大并伴有收缩功能障碍为特征的心肌病，位居儿童期心肌病发病率之首，以心脏扩大、心力衰竭、心律失常甚至栓塞为基本特征。其治疗方式包括病因治疗、药物治疗、手术治疗，以有效控制心衰和心律失常、预防猝死和栓塞、提高患儿生活质量和生存率为目的，其中抗心衰药物治疗是DCM治疗的基础。文章就儿童DCM心衰的药物选择及治疗进展进行讨论，以期为临床治疗提供指导建议。

关键词: 扩张型心肌病, 心力衰竭, 药物, 治疗, 儿童