Abstract: Brain injury remains one of the major unsolved problems in neonatal care，with survivors at high risk of lifelong neuro-disabilities. The complex interaction between pathological processes and developmental trajectory，genetic susceptibility and environmental influences after brain injury，has significant effect on the long-term neural outcomes. A coordinated，interdisciplinary approach to understand the root cause enables early detection and offers the best chance of improving outcomes and facilitate new lines of neuroprotective treatments. The Neuro-intensive Care Unit model originates from NICU，based on consistent coordinated care for infants by a multidisciplinary team，provides opportunities for specialist education and training in neonatal neurology，neuromonitoring，neuroimaging and nursing. 

Key words: neonatal brain injury, neuro-intensive care unit, neuromonitoring, neuroimaging

摘要： 脑损伤仍然是新生儿医学中尚未解决的主要问题之一，幸存者终生神经残疾的风险很高。新生儿脑损伤后的病理生理过程与正常脑发育轨迹、遗传易感性和住院环境之间相互作用都对患儿的远期神经结局产生重要影响。协调一致的、多学科联合的方法及早发现脑损伤的根本原因，通过加强临床护理提供最佳干预机会可以改善结果并促进新的神经保护治疗的研发。“神经重症监护单元”是从新生儿重症监护单元进化而来，以多学科团队提供持续一致的护理为基础，也为新生儿神经学、神经监测、神经影像和护理等专业教育和培训提供了重要机会。

关键词: 新生儿脑损伤, 神经重症监护室, 神经监测, 神经成像