关键词: 儿童慢性咳嗽, 干性咳嗽, 湿性咳嗽, 病因诊断, 治疗策略

Abstract: Chronic cough in children（lasting >4 weeks with no significant abnormalities on chest X-ray）is a common yet challenging management issue in pediatric outpatient practice.This article focuses on this condition and proposes a clinical diagnostic and therapeutic framework based on initial classification of dry and productive cough.This framework helps clinicians quickly narrow down the focus to the most common etiologies，such as cough variant asthma，upper airway cough syndrome，and protracted bacterial bronchitis.It guides targeted evaluation and treatment，emphasizes time-limited diagnostic treatment trials in special outpatient settings，and standardizes the referral pathway.The goal is to reduce the misuse of antibiotics and antitussives，achieve precise management，and improve patient outcomes.

Key words: chronic cough in children, dry cough, productive cough, etiological diagnosis, treatment strategy