中国实用儿科杂志

中国实用儿科杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (9): 773-778.DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2025090613

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儿童气道过敏性疾病与抽动障碍危险因素及共病机制研究进展

  

  1. 中国医科大学附属盛京医院小儿呼吸内科，辽宁  沈阳  110004
  • 出版日期:2025-09-06 发布日期:2025-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 单丽沈，电子信箱：shanls@sj-hospital.org
  • 基金资助:
    2023年辽宁省科技计划联合计划（基金）项目（2023JH2/101700187）

Research progress on risk factors and comorbidity mechanisms of pediatric allergic airway diseases and tic disorders

  1. Department of Pediatric Respiration，Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University，Shenyang  110004，China
  • Online:2025-09-06 Published:2025-10-21

摘要： 儿童气道过敏性疾病与抽动障碍（TD）作为慢性疾病，发病率逐渐上升，不仅影响生活质量，而且造成巨大的经济及社会负担。临床研究发现TD和过敏性疾病之间明显相关，TD和过敏性疾病均与机体免疫失衡相关，症状涉及不同部位或器官，发病机制复杂，严重影响生活质量。影响这些疾病发展的可能因素包括母亲抑郁和焦虑、母亲过敏史、母亲烟草暴露史、睡眠障碍与环境污染。此外，肠道微生物紊乱和T细胞免疫失衡可能是二者共病的机制的潜在因素。对这些共同危险因素和共病机制的探索和理解可以提高对两种疾病的认知，对预防和治疗气道过敏性疾病和TD具有重要意义。

关键词: 气道过敏性疾病, 抽动障碍, 危险因素, 肠道微生物, 细胞免疫

Abstract: Pediatric allergic airway diseases and tic disorders，as chronic conditions，are increasingly prevalent，which not only affect the quality of life but also impose substantial economic and social burdens. Clinical studies have revealed a significant correlation between tic disorders and allergic diseases，both of which are associated with immune system imbalances. The symptoms involve various parts or organs，and the pathogenesis is complex，severely impacting the quality of life. Potential factors influencing the development of these diseases include maternal depression and anxiety，maternal allergy history，maternal tobacco exposure history，sleep disorders，and environmental pollution. Furthermore，gut microbiome dysbiosis and T-cell immune imbalance may be potential factors underlying the comorbidity of the two conditions. Exploring and understanding these shared risk factors and comorbidity mechanisms increases the cognition about these two diseases，which is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of allergic airway diseases and 
tic disorders.

Key words: allergic airway diseases, tic disorders, risk factors, gut microbiota, cellular immunity