中国实用儿科杂志

中国实用儿科杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 425-432.DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2025050615

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川崎病病因学研究进展

  

  1. 浙江大学医学院，浙江  杭州  310000
  • 出版日期:2025-05-06 发布日期:2025-08-28
  • 通讯作者: 龚方戚，电子信箱：gongfangqi@zju.edu.cn

Research progress on the etiology of Kawasaki disease

  1. Zhejiang University School of Medicine，Hangzhou  310000，China
  • Online:2025-05-06 Published:2025-08-28

摘要： 川崎病（Kawasaki disease，KD）是一种全身系统性血管炎，好发于5岁以下婴幼儿群体，可引起冠状动脉病变，是儿童获得性心脏病的主要原因，早期大剂量静脉注射人免疫球蛋白（intravenous immunoglobulin，IVIG）联合阿司匹林是目前的一线治疗手段。尽管KD从首次提出至今已有50余年的历史，且发病率呈逐年上升趋势，其具体的病因及发病机制仍不明确，在临床受到儿科医生的广泛关注。该文从感染、遗传、免疫等角度对KD病因学的研究现状进行论述，并简单讨论目前可用于KD病因学研究的最新试验技术及其价值，以期更好地理解疾病，试图为KD进一步诊治提供思路。

关键词: 川崎病, 病因学, 感染因素, 遗传易感性, 免疫机制

Abstract: Kawasaki disease（KD）is a systemic vasculitis that is more common in children under 5 years old. It can cause coronary artery lesions， and is the main cause of acquired heart disease in children. Early high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin（IVIG）combined with aspirin is currently the first-line treatment.Although Kawasaki disease has a history of more than 50 years since it was first reported and the incidence has been rising years after years，its specific etiology and pathogenesis still remain unclear，which is widely concerned by pediatricians in clinical practice.In order to understand KD better and provide ideas for its further diagnosis and treatment，this article discusses the current research status of KD etiology from the perspectives of infection，genetics and immunity.

Key words: Kawasaki disease, etiology, infectious factors, genetic susceptibility, immune mechanism