关键词: 1型糖尿病, 儿童青少年, 胰岛细胞功能, 葡萄糖耐量试验, β细胞稳态评估模型

Abstract: Type 1 diabetes is mainly caused by T cell-mediated islet cell-specific immune damage. The characteristics include decreased C-peptide and insulin， positive diabetes-related antibodies，more diabetic ketoacidosis，and dependence on insulin therapy. In clinical practice it is difficult to classify type 1 and type 2 diabetes in some children and adolescents due to atypical clinical features. The assessment of islet β cell function provides an important evidence for the classification. This article summarizes the evaluation methods of islet β cell function，including oral glucose tolerance test，serum C-peptide and insulin production index，aiming to improve the ability to evaluate residual islet function in patients with type 1 diabetes，increase the level in identifying diabetes children，and provide better guidance to the treatment and follow-up of children with type 1 diabetes.

Key words: type 1 diabetes, children and adolescents, islet cell function, glucose tolerance test, β-cell homeostasis assessment model