关键词: 脲原体脑膜炎, 早产儿, 阿奇霉素, Ommaya囊, 宏基因组二代测序

Abstract: To explore the clinical features，laboratory examination and treatment of neonatal ureaplasma parvum meningitis. The clinical data and laboratory and diagnosis and treatment process of one case of hydrocephalus caused by ureaplasma parvum infection were retrospectively analyzed，and the relevant literature was reviewed. The female baby with 27 weeks of gestational age. She had dyspnea after birth，accompanied by signs of infection and bleeding tendency. Intracranial hemorrhage and cerebrospinal fluid analysis abnormalities were found in early postnatal period. Both blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures were negative. The cerebrospinal fluid finding did not improve after 28d of antibiotic treatment，and the ventricular dilatation and hydrocephalus appeared，so the baby was transferred to our hospital. After admission，the Ommaya reservoir was implanted and the cerebrospinal fluid was drained daily. Cerebrospinal fluid metagenomic next-generation sequencing was performed to confirm the diagnosis of ureaplasma parvum meningitis，and intravenous treatment with azithromycin was performed for 21 days. Hydrocephalus was improved and cerebrospinal fluid finding returned to normal. Cerebrospinal fluid continued to be drained daily after discharge. Lateral ventriculoperitoneal shunt was performed at 6 months after birth. The patient was followed up to 12 months after birth，and the child has normal ventricular size and normal mental and motor development. 

Key words: ureaplasma parvum meningitis, premature infants, azithromycin, Ommaya reservoir, metagenomic next-generation sequencing