Abstract:

Abstract：Objective To analyze craniofacial characteristics of hard and soft tissue of class Ⅱand Ⅲ malocclusions in early permanent dentition，so as to find out the key points in orthodontics. Methods A total of 80 Han adolescents with malocclusion， who visited Zigong No 4 People’s Hospital Dental Clinic during 2000 to 2012， were chosen. They were divided into classⅡand class Ⅲ groups， each group containing 40 patients; meanwhile， 40 normal adolescents in Zigong elementary and secondary school students’oral health survey were chosen as the control group. Seven soft tissue and 16 hard tissue measurements were used to analyze the cephalometric characteristics. Results Compared with the control group，except 7 hard tissue measurements，the rest of classⅡ group had significantly statistical differences（P＜0.05）；in class Ⅲ group，there were 9 hard tissue and 5 soft tissue items which were statistically significant（P＜0.05）. Conclusion There are typical craniofacial characteristics in different malocclusions，therefore doctors should correct the teeth and bones’abnormity properly and coordinate soft tissue to achieve the harmonious and beautiful profile.

Key words: craniofacial characteristics, classⅡmalocclusion, classⅢ malocclusion, cephalometric analysis

摘要：

目的 分析恒牙初期安氏Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类错牙合畸形颅面部硬软组织侧貌特征，探讨不同错牙合畸形的正畸治疗关键。方法 2000—2012年自贡市第四人民医院口腔科就诊的汉族正畸患者中选取80例错牙合畸形青少年，分为安氏Ⅱ类组40例、安氏Ⅲ类组40例；同期选取自贡市中小学口腔健康普查正常青少年40名为正常对照组。确定常用的7项软组织指标和16项硬组织指标进行X线头影测量分析。结果 安氏Ⅱ类组除7项硬组织测量值外，其余软、硬组织测量值与正常对照组相比，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05或0.01）；而安氏Ⅲ类组则有9项硬组织和5项软组织指标与正常对照组相比，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05或0.01）。结论 不同的错牙合畸形具有各自典型的颅面特征。临床治疗中应有针对性地纠正牙齿和颌骨异常来改善软组织不调，最终取得和谐美观的侧貌。

关键词: 颅面特征, Ⅱ类错牙合, Ⅲ类错牙合, X线头影测量分析