Abstract: Pulp regeneration of young permanent teeth is one of the most concerned issues in the field of endodontics at present. The therapy will create a suitable environment for stem cell proliferation and differentiation through thorough and effective root canal disinfection. The microenvironment promotes the regeneration of pulp-dentin complex in the root canal and enables the continuous development of the root. A variety of biophysical and chemical factors exist in the microenvironment，such as cell-extracellular matrix/cell-cell interaction，soluble signaling molecules and so on，which affect the fate of stem cells and regulate their proliferation，differentiation and metabolism. In this article，we will summarize the research progress in the effects of different microenvironments on dental pulp regeneration.

Key words: microenvironment, dental pulp regeneration, dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from apical papilla

摘要： 年轻恒牙牙髓再生治疗是目前牙髓病学领域的热点问题。它通过彻底有效的根管消毒，形成适宜干细胞增殖和分化的环境，促进根管内牙髓牙本质复合体再生，使牙根得以继续发育。在牙髓再生过程中，微环境通过细胞之间以及细胞与细胞外基质的相互作用、可溶性信号分子等多种生物物理因素和化学因素影响干细胞的命运，调控其增殖、分化和代谢等活动。文章就不同微环境对牙髓再生的影响研究进展做一综述。

关键词: 微环境, 牙髓再生, 牙髓干细胞, 根尖牙乳头干细胞