Abstract: The "black triangle" of anterior teeth caused by gingival papilla recession in orthodontic patients is the third most concerned aesthetic problem following caries and exposure of crown margins，with an incidence of 38.0% to 43.7%. The risk factors of gingival papilla recession include orthodontic movement，dentition crowding，alveolar bone height and regional anatomical structure. The current treatment methods include prosthesis，orthodontics，mucogingival surgery and hyaluronic acid injection. This review covers the risk factors，treatment methods and prevention of gingival papillary regression in orthodontic patients，so as to make reasonable orthodontic treatment plan and provide reference for the prevention of gingival papillary recession.

Key words: gingival papilla recession, orthodontic movement, non-surgical treatment, mucogingival surgery

摘要： 正畸患者龈乳头退缩所致的前牙“黑三角”是仅次于龋齿和修复体边缘暴露的第三大美学问题，发病率高达38.0% ~ 43.7%。龈乳头退缩的危险因素有正畸移动方式、牙列拥挤程度、牙槽骨高度和局部解剖结构等。目前的治疗方法包括修复、正畸、膜龈手术以及注射透明质酸等。文章就正畸患者龈乳头退缩的危险因素、治疗和预防做一综述，以期制定合理的正畸治疗计划，为预防龈乳头退缩提供借鉴。

关键词: 龈乳头退缩, 正畸移动, 非手术治疗, 膜龈手术