Abstract: Initial periodontal therapy and periodontal maintenance are two essential parts of periodontal sequential treatment. Initial periodontal therapy has aroused much attention；however，the emphasis on periodontal maintenance needs to be strengthened. The periodontal maintenance is crucial to the long-term efficacy of periodontal treatment，therefore it is necessary to elucidate the concept and timing for periodontal maintenance. Periodontal maintenance should be performed regularly，so the follow-up interval needs to be fully discussed. In this paper，a literature review is conducted to clarify the concept，timing and follow-up interval for periodontal maintenance.

Key words: periodontal maintenance, supportive periodontal therapy, periodontal risk assessment, follow-up interval

摘要： 牙周基础治疗和牙周维护治疗是牙周序列治疗中必不可少的部分，牙周基础治疗目前已得到广泛关注，然而，人们对牙周维护治疗的重视尚待加强。鉴于牙周维护治疗是牙周治疗远期疗效的决定性因素，因此，我们需要明确牙周维护治疗的定义及时机。另外，牙周维护治疗需要定期实施，这其中“定期”一词则需要被深刻探讨。文章通过回顾国内外文献，进一步明确牙周维护治疗的定义和时机，同时对牙周维护的随访间隔进行探讨。

关键词: 牙周维护治疗, 牙周支持治疗, 牙周风险评估, 随访间隔