Abstract:

Objective    Use resonance frequency analysis（RFA）to quantitatively compare the stability of implants placed in the posterior maxillary sites with conventional implantation and by using 3 sinus augmentation techniques（osteotome sinus floor elevation and 1- and 2-step lateral window techniques）. Methods    A total of 103 patients， with single implant or multiple Straumann implants （139 implants in total）in the maxillary posterior area，were chosen from the implant center of Dalian Stomatological Hospital from 2013 to 2014. They were divided into four groups according to the residual ridge height，and the implants were implanted with the different technologies：conventional implantation（group A），osteotome sinus floor elevation（group B）， 1- and 2-step lateral window techniques（group C and D）. Implant stability quotient（ISQ）was recorded from RFA at the time of implant placement and 6 months later. Results    All implants had obtained osseointegration. The differences in ISQ at placement versus 6 months later were statistically significant（P < 0.05）in each group，average increase of ISQ being 4.96 ± 2.41，5.39 ± 2.09，4.47 ± 1.48 and 5.16 ± 1.99，respectively. The statistically significant difference in ISQ among four groups was found in the 4 groups neither at placement nor 6 months later（P > 0.05）. Conclusion    In atrophic posterior maxilla，the reasonable treatment options can be selected according to native vertical bone height. There was no statistical difference on ISQ among 3 sinus augmentation techniques：osteotome sinus floor elevation and 1- and 2-step lateral window techniques. All implants obtain osseointegration. The clinical outcomes among different technique of placement can be quantitatively compared by ISQ，which is measured by RFA.

Key words: implant stability quotient, ISQ；resonance frequency analysis；posterior maxillary；sinus floor elevation

摘要：

目的    应用共振频率分析（resonance frequency analysis，RFA）定量比较上颌后牙区常规种植和采用3种不同的上颌窦提升术（穿牙槽嵴技术、同期侧壁开窗技术和分期侧壁开窗技术）位点种植体的稳定性。方法    选取2013—2014年于大连市口腔医院种植科行上颌后牙区种植修复患者103例（植入单颗或多颗Straumann种植体，共139颗种植体），根据缺牙区剩余牙槽嵴高度分为A、B、C、D组，分别采用常规种植和3种不同的上颌窦提升术（穿牙槽嵴技术、同期侧壁开窗技术和分期侧壁开窗技术）植入种植体。使用RFA，测量种植体植入时和植入后6个月的种植体稳定系数（implant stability quotient，ISQ）。比较各组之间以及同组不同时段之间的ISQ差异。结果    所有种植体均获得较好的骨结合，无失败病例。各组种植体植入时与植入后6个月的ISQ值比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）；A ~ D组在种植体植入后6个月的ISQ值比种植体植入时分别增加了4.96 ± 2.41、5.39 ± 2.09、4.47 ± 1.48和5.16 ± 1.99。方差分析结果显示，无论是在种植体植入时还是在植入后6个月，4组的ISQ值差异均无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。结论    在剩余牙槽嵴萎缩的上颌后牙区，可根据剩余骨量合理选择治疗方案。3种方法提升上颌窦（穿牙槽嵴技术、同期和分期侧壁开窗技术）后，植入种植体的稳定性没有明显差异，种植体均能获得良好的骨结合。使用RFA测量ISQ值，可以定量比较不同方法植入种植体的临床效果。

关键词: 种植体稳定系数, ISQ, 共振频率分析, 上颌后牙区, 上颌窦提升