Abstract: Pulmonary infarction，which usually results from pulmonary thromboembolism，is an infrequent complication of childhood severe pneumonia.It often affects lower lobes of the lung and is arranged along the visceral pleura.The diagnosis of pulmonary infarction depends on contrast enhanced chest tomography.Studies on severe pneumonia with pulmonary infarction in children are scarce，and there is a lack of data about the etiology，epidemiology and clinical features of this disease.Reports based on adults reveal that the manifestations，treatment and prognosis of pulmonary infarction are similar to those of pulmonary thromboembolism.Pediatricians should improve recognition of this disease and accumulate experiences on diagnosis and treatment by real world studies.

Key words: severe pneumonia, child, pulmonary infarction, thromboembolism, pathology

摘要： 肺梗死是儿童重症肺炎的少见并发症，多累及下叶近胸膜处，常常继发于肺血栓栓塞，诊断依靠于胸部增强CT检查。关于儿童重症肺炎并发肺梗死的研究较少，相关病因学、流行病学、临床特点等数据缺乏。基于成人的研究提示肺梗死与肺血栓栓塞的临床表现、治疗及预后类似。儿科医师应提高对本病的认识，通过真实世界研究方法发掘客观规律，积累儿科诊治经验。

关键词: 重症肺炎, 儿童, 肺梗死, 血栓栓塞, 病理