Abstract: The objective of this article is to review the latest progress in epidemiology，etiology，clinical manifestations，auxiliary examination，diagnosis and management of food protein induced allergic proctocolitis（FPIAP） in children. Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis in children is a non-IgE mediated immune response. The pathogenesis is complex and is related to a variety of factors. The clinical symptoms in children with FPIAP include crying，diarrhea，bloody stool，and skin rash and may involve one or more systems such as digestion system，respiratory system and skin. The gold standard of diagnosis for FPIAP include the dietary avoidance being effective and a positive result of provocation test. Dietary avoidance is the mainstay of treatment for FPIAP in children；meanwhile，it is also important to have a comprehensive understanding of the clinical characteristics of FPIAP and provide early diagnosis and treatment as well as reasonable implementation of nutrition，and the prognosis is good.

Key words: food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis, food protein, child

摘要： 回顾总结食物蛋白诱导的儿童过敏性直肠结肠炎的流行病学、致病机制、临床表现、辅助检查、诊断及管理的最新进展。食物蛋白诱导的儿童过敏性直肠结肠炎主要是由非IgE介导的免疫反应，致病机制复杂，与多种因素有关，其症状可表现为哭闹、腹泻、便血、皮疹等，可累及消化、呼吸、皮肤等一个或多个系统。回避饮食有效加上激发试验阳性为诊断的金标准，饮食回避是治疗食物蛋白诱导的儿童过敏性直肠结肠炎的主要方法，全面认识并掌握其临床特点，早期诊治，合理实施营养，预后良好。

关键词: 过敏性直肠结肠炎, 食物蛋白, 儿童