Abstract: Objective　To investigate the clinical value of multiple PCR method in detecting pathogens in influenza-like cases in children and to understand the distribution of respiratory pathogens in pediatric influenza-like cases. Methods　A total of 94 throat swabs of childhood flu-like cases admitted from November 2018 to February 2019 in Beijing area were collected. Multiple PCR method was used to detect influenza A virus，influenza A virus-H1N1，influenza A virus-H3N2，influenza B，parainfluenza virus，RSV，human adenovirus，human rhinovirus，human bocavirus，human metapneumovirus，human coronavirus，mycoplasma pneumonia and chlamydia gene. Results　Of the 94 specimens，78（82.98%） were detected pathogens，of which one pathogen was detected in 69 cases（73.40%），and 2 pathogens in 9 cases（9.57%）. Fifty-two（55.32%） of 94 specimens were detected influenza pathogens and 26 cases（27.66%） detected non-flu pathogens. The number of single pathogens detected was 31 cases of InfA-H1N1，10 cases of InfA-H3N2，9 cases of RSV，7 cases of HMPV，3 cases of InfA，HRV and HADV each，and 1 case of InfB，HCoV and MP each. Of the 9 specimens with 2 pathogens detected，6 were with influenza combined with other viruses（HRV，HADV，RSV，HCoV，HMPV），1 with H1N1 and H3N2，and 2 with RSV，HRV and HCoV，HADV，respectively. Conclusion　Influenza-like cases caused by non-influenza pathogenic microorganisms are common. Multiple PCR detection can help to understand the pathogen distribution and mixed infection in influenza-like cases.

Key words: multiple PCR detection, influenza-like cases； respiratory pathogen, child

摘要： 目的　探讨多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测方法在儿童流感样病例病原检测中的临床应用价值，了解儿童流感样病例病原情况。方法　收集2018年11月至2019年2月北京地区94例儿童流感样病例咽拭子标本，采用多重PCR核酸检测技术测定甲型流感病毒（InfA）、 甲型流感病毒H1N1（InfA-H1N1）、 甲型流感病毒H3N2（InfA-H3N2）、 乙型流感病毒（InfB）、 人副流感病毒、 呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、 人腺病毒（HADV）、 人鼻病毒（HRV）、 人博卡病毒、 人偏肺病毒（HMPV）、 人冠状病毒（HCoV）和肺炎支原体（MP）、 衣原体13种病原核酸。结果　94例标本中78例（82.98%）可测出病原，其中69例（73.40%）检出1种病原，9例（9.57%）检出2种病原； 94例标本中52例（55.32%）检出流感病原，26例（27.66%）检出非流感病原。单一病原检出由多到少为InfA-H1N1 31例，InfA-H3N2 10例，RSV 9例，HMPV 7例，InfA、 HRV、 HADV各3例，InfB、 HCoV及MP各1例。9例检出2种病原的标本中，6例检出流感分别合并其他病毒（HRV、 HADV、 RSV、 HCoV、 HMPV），1例检出甲流H1N1和H3N2，2例分别检出RSV、 HRV及HCoV、 HADV。结论　非流感病原微生物引起流感样病例并不少见，多重PCR检测有助于全面了解流感样病例的病原和混合感染情况。

关键词: 多重PCR检测, 流感样病例, 呼吸道病原, 儿童