Abstract:

Objective　To describe the clinical characteristics of neurologic complications associated with 2009 influenza A （H1N1） infection in children.   Methods　A prospective study of 150 children confirmed 2009 influenza A （H1N1） infection in Shenzhen Children Hospital from November 4, 2009, to January 19, 2010 was conducted. The clinical features and outcome of the patients with neurologic complications were analyzed. Results　The incidence rate of neurologic complications associated with 2009 influenza A （H1N1） infection was 14% of the hospitalized patients. 18（85.7%） patients were diagnosed as encephalopathy，2（9.5%） patients were diagnosed as seizures，1（4.7%） patient was diagnosed as encephalitis. 14 were male, 7 were female； the median age was 5 years. 12（57%） patients were admitted to an ICU, 6（28.5%） required mechanical  ntilation. 17（80.9%） patients were fully recovered and discharged, three （14%） died from severe encephalopathy. Conclusion　The incidence rate of neurologic complications associated with 2009 influenza was high, severe encephalopathy canlead to death. This result should attract a great deal of attention as 2009 influenza A （H1N1） pandemic continues.

Key words: children； 2009 influenza A （H1N1）； encephalopathy； encephalitis

摘要：

报道儿童2009甲流H1N1流感相关神经系统并发症的临床特征。方法　对深圳市儿童医院2009 - 11 - 04 — 2010 - 01 - 19因2009甲型H1N1流感住院，并发神经系统并发症的21例患儿进行前瞻性调研，对其临床特征及转归进行总结。结果　在150例儿童危重症2009甲型H1N1流感住院患儿中，神经系统并发症的发生率为14.0%（21/150），其中脑病18例（85.7%），惊厥2例（9.5%），脑炎1例（4.7%）。男14例，女7例；年龄中位数为5岁。12例（57%）入住ICU监护，6例（28.5%）接受气管插管及机械通气。17例80.9%）痊愈出院，1例仍在住院，3例（14%）死于脑病。结论　2009甲型H1N1流感相关神经系统并发症发生率高，严重脑病患儿可以导致死亡。随着2009甲型H1N1流感的流行，这一结果应该引起广泛关注。

关键词: 儿童, 2009甲型H1N1流感, 脑病, 脑炎