Abstract:

Early identification of children with developmental delays/disorders is an integral function of the primary child health care system. Earlier identification creates an opportunity to provide the benefits of early diagnosis，intervention or treatment，promote child early development and reduce the incidence of disability. Developmental surveillance and screening are efficient ways to identify children with developmental problem. Developmental surveillance is a flexible，longitudinal，continuous，and cumulative process to identify children at risk of developmental delay. Developmental screening is the administration of a brief standardized tool that aids the identification of children at risk of a developmental delay or those who may need more comprehensive evaluation. Periodic standardized developmental screening may increase accuracy of early identification. It is an appropriate responsibility of all pediatric health care professionals to acquire skills in the developmental surveillance and screening technique，provide developmental surveillance and screening in the context of routine health care， and promote their application in practice.

Key words: developmental surveillance, developmental scre- ening, child health care

摘要：

早期识别儿童发育迟缓、障碍或行为异常是儿童保健的重要任务之一，有利于儿童发育障碍及相关疾病的早期发现和早期干预、治疗，促进儿童早期发展并减少残疾率。发育监测和发育筛查是早期识别儿童发育迟缓或障碍的有效途径。发育监测是发现、鉴认具有发育迟缓风险儿童的过程；发育筛查是采用简单、标准化筛查工具帮助识别可能有发育迟缓、障碍或需要进行复杂、综合评估的儿童。定期的标准化发育筛查可提高儿童发育迟缓、障碍的早期识别率。重视基层儿童保健医生发育监测和筛查技能的培训，将发育监测和筛查纳入儿童保健常规工作，推动其在实践中的应用，对儿童发育迟缓或障碍的早干预、早治疗有重要意义。

关键词: 发育监测, 发育筛查, 儿童保健