关键词: 胰腺癌, 肝转移, 全身治疗, 局部治疗

Abstract: The liver is the most common metastatic site of pancreatic cancer, and patients with liver metastases have poor prognosis. In recent years, the application of systemic therapies and local treatment modalities has improved survival outcomes in this patient population. Currently, chemotherapy regimens based on gemcitabine and fluorouracil remain the primary therapeutic approach. Targeted therapies, such as PARP inhibitors (e.g., olaparib) and KRAS inhibitors, have shown promising efficacy in patients with specific genetic alterations. While immunotherapy demonstrates significant benefits in MSI-H/dMMR subtypes, its overall effectiveness remains limited, and combining immunotherapy with chemotherapy may represent a future direction for treatment optimization. In terms of local therapy, the “conversion therapy” model has enabled surgical resection in selected patients, significantly improving their prognosis. Additionally, local treatment modalities such as radiofrequency ablation, interventional therapy, and radiotherapy have enhanced local control rates in patients with liver metastases. Despite these advances, challenges remain, including limited treatment options, inconsistent definitions of oligometastasis, and a lack of consensus on surgical indications. Future efforts should focus on developing novel targeted therapies and immunocombination strategies, refining multidisciplinary management approaches, and ultimately transforming pancreatic cancer liver metastases into a chronic manageable condition.

Key words: pancreatic cancer, liver metastasis, systemic therapy, local therapy