关键词: 肝内胆管结石, 肝内胆管癌, 危险因素, 机制

Abstract: Association retween hepatolithiasis and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma        YIN Xiao-yu, SHI Yin-hao.Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Corresponding author：YIN Xiao-yu,E-mail:yinxy@mail.sysu.edu.cn
Abstract    Hepatolithiasis is one common benign disease which occurs proximal to the confluence of right and left hepatic ducts.Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma（ICC）is the second commonest primary liver malignancy，which may be associated with hepatolithiasis，primary sclerosing cholangitis，congenital cystic dilatation of the bile duct，hepatitis B or C virus infection and parasitic infestation.Given the high incidence of hepatolithiasis in China，its role in carcinogenesis of ICC and potential mechanisms should be given more attention.Pathologically，recent studies have revealed that tissues from hepatolithiasis associated with ICC encompass histological features ranging from intraductal papillary neoplasia of the bile duct（IPNB）and biliary intraepithelial neoplasia（BilIN）to various stages of cholangiocarcinoma.At the molecular level，the dysregulation of inflammatory factors，transcription factors and growth factors in ICC induce the malignant progression of normal cells.Simultaneously，alterations in immune cells within the tumor microenvironment further accelerate the progression of the tumor.It suggests that chronic mechanical and inflammatory stimuli from stones contribute to the intraepithelial neoplasia within the bile duct.Given the high malignancy and poor therapeutic effect of ICC，further research is required to elucidate the specific mechanisms underlying stone-induced cholangiocarcinoma，which will benefit early intervention and improve the long-term prognosis of patients.

Key words: hepatolithiasis, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, risk factors, mechanism