中国实用外科杂志

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甲状腺囊实性皱缩结节临床特点分析

王志宏,张    浩,张    平,贺    亮,黄加鹏,孙    威,张    挺,董文武张大林,邵    亮,吕承洲   

  1. 中国医科大学附属第一医院甲状腺外科,辽宁沈阳110001
  • 出版日期:2020-01-01 发布日期:2020-01-16

  • Online:2020-01-01 Published:2020-01-16

摘要: 目的    分析甲状腺囊实性结节皱缩的临床特点及皱缩前后的超声和CT影像学特征,提高皱缩后甲状腺结节的诊断准确率。方法    选取2018年6 月至2019年6月在中国医科大学附属第一医院接受超声检查并经细针穿刺细胞学检查或手术后病理学检查证实为良性甲状腺囊实性结节病人41例。分析病人病史,分析结节皱缩前后病灶的大小、形态、回声、边界及钙化等超声图像特征和甲状腺增强CT的影像学特点,描述术中所见情况。结果    41例病人均证实为结节性甲状腺肿。结节皱缩平均经历(11.52±9.56)个月。结节皱缩前最大径平均值(25.6±8.2)mm,皱缩后最大径平均值(10.2±4.1)mm。结节皱缩后均为低回声实性结节,其中35例包膜不完整,29例结节内部可见点状强回声,8例周边及内部出现环状强回声。按照TI-RADS分级系统,结节皱缩前37例为3级,3例为2级,1例4a级;结节皱缩后19例为4a级,22例为4b级。5例行手术治疗病人术前甲状腺增强CT提示结节边缘轻度强化,形成与正常腺体相隔离的不规则条带,结节内部均匀低密度,增强后强化不明显。术中见肿物包膜完整,质地不均,局灶可见胶质或钙化结构。结论    病史的询问和前后超声结果的对比至关重要。皱缩的结节具有一定的超声和CT影像学特征,结合病史可与恶性结节相区分,避免过度的有创性检查及不必要的手术治疗。

关键词: 甲状腺, 囊实性, 皱缩, 超声, X线计算机体层摄影术

Abstract: Analysis of clinical characteristics of thyroid cystic-solid crinkled nodules        WANG Zhi-hong, ZHANG Hao, ZHANG Ping, et al. Department of Thyroid Surgery,the First Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110001,China
Corresponding author:ZHANG Hao,E-mail:haozhang@cmu.edu.cn
Abstract    Objective    To analyze the clinical features and ultrasonographic and CT features of thyroid cystic-solid nodules before and after crinkled, and to improve the diagnostic accuracy. Methods    Forty-one patients with benign thyroid cystic-solid nodules confirmed by fine needle aspiration or surgery were enrolled in our study from June 2018 to June 2019. The size, shape, echo, boundary and calcification of the nodules before and after crinkled were analyzed, as well as the imaging features of thyroid enhanced CT. The records of the disease and the intraoperative findings were analyzed. Results    All nodules were benign. The average duration of nodule shrinkage was 11.52 +9.56 months. The mean maximum diameter of nodules before and after crinkled were 25.6±8.2mm and 10.2±4.1mm respectively. All the nodules were hypoechoic solid nodules after crinkled. Thirty-five cases had incomplete capsule of nodules after crinkled, 29 cases had punctate echoes in the interior of retracted nodules after crinkled, and 8 cases had circular echoes in the periphery and interior of nodules after crinkled. According to TI-RADS classification system, nodules were mostly in grade 3 (37/41) before crinkled, grade 4a in 19 cases and grade 4b in 22 cases after crinkled. Five patients underwent surgery with thyroid enhancement CT before operation, which indicated that the edge of the nodule was slightly enhanced to irregular bands separated from the normal gland, and the nodule was homogeneous and low-density with slightly enhancement after enhanced CT scan. During the operation, the capsule of the tumors was intact and uneven in texture, and glial or calcified structures could be seen in the focus.  Conclusion    It is essential to inquire about the history of disease and compare the results of ultrasound before and after crinkled to avoid unnecessary invasive diagnosis and surgery. Thyroid cystic-solid crinkled nodules have certain ultrasonographic and CT features, which could help us to distinguish from malignant nodules.

Key words: thyroid, cystic-solid, crinkled, ultrasonography, computed tomography