关键词: 腹腔镜, 结肠癌, 直肠癌, 手术安全

Abstract: After more than three decades of development，laparoscopic colorectal surgery has reached a relatively mature technical stage.Its safety and efficacy have been extensively validated in clinical practice.However，with the widespread adoption of neoadjuvant therapies（such as chemoradiotherapy and targeted immunotherapy）and the application of new technologies like robotic-assisted surgery，3D laparoscopy，reduced-port or single-port surgery，and transanal specimen retrieval，the requirements for surgical operational details have become increasingly stringent，thereby increasing the complexity of procedures.To ensure the safety and effectiveness of laparoscopic colorectal surgery，it is imperative to focus on multiple key technical aspects.This article discusses these critical elements from several perspectives：preoperative assessment and indication selection，oncological radicality of the surgery，operative techniques and key technologies，timing for conversion to open surgery，and postoperative observation and management.The enhancement of safety and quality in laparoscopic colorectal surgery hinges on meticulous preoperative preparation，precise intraoperative execution，and comprehensive postoperative care.The ultimate goal is to provide patients with safer and more effective medical services.By addressing these key areas，surgeons can better navigate the challenges posed by evolving treatment paradigms and technological advancements，ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Key words: laparoscopy, colon cancer, rectal cancer, surgical safety