Abstract: Healthy pulp is the key to preserve natural teeth and maintain their normal function. In recent years，studies have found that vital pulp therapy has a good application prospect in the clinical treatment of irreversible pulpitis of mature permanent teeth. Compared with root canal therapy，vital pulp therapy may have a better prognosis for affected teeth. This article reviews the indications，biological basis，treatment challenges and the factors affecting the success rate of vital pulp therapy.

Key words: vital pulp therapy, pulpotomy, irreversible pulpitis, mature permanent teeth

摘要： 健康牙髓是保留天然牙并维持其正常功能的关键。近年来研究发现，牙髓切断术活髓保存治疗在成熟恒牙不可复性牙髓炎的临床治疗中具有良好的应用前景，与根管治疗相比，牙髓切断术活髓保存治疗后的患牙具有相似的成功率，可能具有更好的预后。文章对成熟恒牙不可复性牙髓炎牙髓切断术活髓保存治疗的适应证、生物学基础、治疗难点及影响其成功率的因素做一综述。

关键词: 活髓保存, 牙髓切断术, 不可复性牙髓炎, 成熟恒牙