Abstract: Objective    To analyze the status and relevant influencing factors for dental pain among 12-year-old adolescents in China in 2005 and 2015. Methods    This study was conducted from January 2023 to March 2023 in the Peking University Hospital of Stomatology. Oral epidemiological data were collected among 12-year-olds in the national oral health surveys of China，which were held in 2005 and 2015. Data were screened and weighted to analyze the dental pain status and its influencing factors. Results    A total of 38 510 cases were selected，including 11 657 in 2005 survey and 26 853 in 2015 survey. After weighted management，the prevalence of adolescents who experienced dental pain was 46.3% in 2005，while it was 56.9% in 2015. In 2005 and 2015 surveys，ethnic minorities，rural areas，good and excellent oral knowledge，toothbrushing frequency < 1 time/d，sweet food intake frequency ≥ 1 time/d，last dental visit time ≤ 1 year，dental trauma history and existing caries were independent risk factors for dental pain in 12-year-old adolescents in China（all P < 0.05）. Compared with 2005 survey，the highest parental education level（secondary school） and frequency of no-use of flossing became a new influencing factor of tooth pain（all P < 0.05），while the effect of gingival bleeding was no longer significant in 2015 survey （P > 0.05）. Conclusion     The prevalence of dental pain among 12-year-old adolescents in China is unoptimistic and exhibits a growing trend from 2005 to 2015. It is important to focus on adolescents′ oral health status among ethnic minorities and/or in rural areas. It is necessary to improve the status of oral health knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） and to elevate transformation efficiency from knowledge and attitude to practice. Timely treatment for dental trauma and caries should be taken into account as well.

Key words: adolescents, national oral health survey, dental pain, multivariate logistic regression

摘要： 目的    分析我国2005年和2015年12岁青少年牙齿疼痛状况及其影响因素。方法    研究于2023年1—3月在北京大学口腔医院进行。采用2005年第三次和2015年第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查（以下分别简称为“2005年流调”和“2015年流调”）的12岁年龄组数据，经样本筛选和分层后加权，对牙齿疼痛状况及其影响因素进行分析。结果    共纳入38 510人，其中2005年流调11 657人，经加权处理后牙齿疼痛发生率为46.3%；2015年流调26 853人，经加权处理后牙齿疼痛发生率为56.9%。在2005年和2015年流调中，少数民族、农村、口腔知识水平良好和优秀、刷牙频率< 1次/d、甜食摄入频率≥ 1次/d、末次就诊时间≤ 1年、有牙外伤史和有现存龋是我国12岁青少年发生牙齿疼痛的独立危险因素（均P < 0.05）。相比2005年流调，在2015年流调中父母最高学历为中学（初中、中专和高中）、不使用牙线成为牙齿疼痛的新影响因素（均P < 0.05），而牙龈出血的影响不再显著（P > 0.05）。结论    我国12岁青少年牙齿疼痛状况不佳，牙齿疼痛发生率有上升趋势，需要重点关注少数民族、农村的青少年口腔健康，改善口腔健康知信行状况，提高知信向行的转化效率，并及时治疗青少年牙外伤和龋病。

关键词: 青少年, 全国口腔健康流行病学调查, 牙齿疼痛, 多变量logistic回归