Abstract: Objective    To compare the clinical effect of the lateral sinus floor elevation（LSFE）with the annular bone block embedded in sinus floor elevation（BESFE）and to assess the advantages and disadvantages of the two surgical methods. Methods    From October 2020 to October 2022，clinical and imaging data of 24 patients（24 implants implanted）with maxillary single posterior tooth loss（the remaining alveolar bone height being 3-5 mm） receiving implant repair in Stomatological Hospital of Anhui Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the BESFE group and LSFE group according to different surgical procedures，with 12 cases in each group（12 implants implanted）. The perforation rate of maxillary sinus mucosa，postoperative bone mass（postoperative bone height，new bone height），and trabecular bone parameters（BV/TV，Tb.Th，Tb.N and Tb.Sp）were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results    No perforation of maxillary sinus mucosa occurred in BESFE group. In LSFE group，there were 2 cases of maxillary sinus mucosa perforation during operation，and the mucosal perforation rate was 16.7%（2/12）. There was no significant difference in the mucosa perforation rate between the two groups（P = 0.478）. Postoperative bone height ［（7.15 ± 1.91）mm］，new bone height ［（3.14 ± 1.83）mm］ and Tb.Sp ［（0.60 ± 0.00）mm］ in the BESFE group were lower than those in the LSFE group［ postoperative bone height：（10.76 ± 2.42）mm，new bone height：（6.96 ± 2.42）mm，Tb.Sp：（0.81 ± 0.17）mm］，while BV/TV ［（69.60 ± 9.28）%］，Tb.Th ［（0.99 ± 0.07）mm］ and Tb.N ［（0.70 ± 0.06）mm-1］ were higher than those in the LSFE group ［ BV/TV：（32.47 ± 4.99）%，Tb.Th：（0.60 ± 0.00）mm，Tb.N：（0.54 ± 0.08）mm-1］，and the differences were statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Conclusion    Compared with the LSFE，BESFE can form mature bone and generate limited bone mass. BESFE has the advantages of simple operation，less trauma and no need for bone grafting. It is recommended to promote its application in clinical practice.

Key words: annular bone block embedded, maxillary sinus floor elevation, trabecular bone parameters

摘要： 目的    通过对比环形骨块内嵌式上颌窦底提升术（annular bone block embedded in sinus floor elevation，BESFE）与侧壁开窗上颌窦底提升术（lateral sinus floor elevation，LSFE）的临床效果，探讨两种术式的优缺点。方法    选择2020年10月至2022年10月于安徽医科大学附属口腔医院种植科就诊的上颌单颗后牙缺失（剩余牙槽骨高度3 ~ 5 mm）并行种植修复的24例患者（植入种植体24枚）的临床和影像学资料进行回顾性分析。按术式不同分为BESFE组和LSFE组，每组12例（植入种植体12枚）。比较2组上颌窦黏膜穿孔率、术后骨形成量（术后骨高度、新生骨高度）及骨小梁表型参数［骨体积分数（BV/TV）、骨小梁厚度（Tb.Th）、骨小梁数目（Tb.N）和骨小梁间隙（Tb.Sp）］并进行分析。结果    BESFE组术中无一例发生上颌窦黏膜穿孔；LSFE组有2例术中发生上颌窦黏膜穿孔，上颌窦黏膜穿孔率为16.7%（2/12）；2组上颌窦黏膜穿孔率比较，差异无统计学意义（P = 0.478）。BESFE组术后骨高度［（7.15 ± 1.91）mm］、新生骨高度［（3.14 ± 1.83）mm］ 和Tb.Sp ［（0.60 ± 0.00）mm］均低于LSFE组［术后骨高度：（10.76 ± 2.42）mm，新生骨高度：（6.96 ± 2.42）mm，Tb.Sp：（0.81 ± 0.17）mm］，BESFE组的BV/TV ［（69.60 ± 9.28）%］、Tb.Th ［（0.99 ± 0.07）mm］和Tb.N ［（0.70 ± 0.06）mm-1］均高于LSFE组［BV/TV：（32.47 ± 4.99）%，Tb.Th：（0.60 ± 0.00）mm，Tb.N：（0.54 ± 0.08）mm-1］，差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。结论    相较于LSFE，BESFE新生骨量较少，但骨质较为成熟，具有手术创伤较小、操作简单且无需植骨等优势，建议在临床推广应用。

关键词: 环形骨块内嵌, 上颌窦底提升术, 骨小梁表型参数