关键词: 种植体根尖周炎, 骨结合, 存留率, 分类, 非手术治疗, 手术治疗

Abstract: Apical peri-implantitis（API）is an inflammatory lesion categorized as one of the biological complications of dental implants，with a relatively low clinical occurrence rate（0.26%  - 3.80%）. This condition typically localizes around the periapical region of the implant，while other bone-implant interfaces remain unaffected. In the early stages of API，characteristic clinical symptoms are often absent，and detection of potential lesions relies on radiographic imaging. Currently，there is a lack of universally recognized classification systems and clinical treatment consensus for this condition. Treatment options generally involve non-surgical approaches aiming at implant preservation and surgical interventions，including flap elevation with implant apical surgery，guided bone regeneration，and/or implant apical resection. Early diagnosis and treatment of API during the osseointegration phase holds promise for improving implant survival rates and reducing the risk of implant removal.

Key words: apical peri-implantitis, osseointegration, survival rate, classification, non-surgical treatment, surgical treatment