关键词: 头颈部神经鞘瘤, 微创技术, 射频消融技术, 立体定向放射治疗, 靶向治疗

Abstract: Head and neck schwannomas are relatively uncommon benign tumors that may present with both cystic and solid components，with the potential for malignant transformation in rare instances. These tumors often develop bilaterally along the nerve axis and，upon aspiration，typically yield a brownish，blood-tinged，non-coagulated fluid. Schwannomas in the head and neck region generally exhibit slow growth and are frequently associated with symptoms such as tenderness，radiating pain，and other neurological manifestations. Head and neck schwannomas are generally resistant to conventional radiotherapy，with surgical excision being the most commonly employed treatment modality. However，surgical intervention is often complicated by adhesion to adjacent tissues，which can result in damage to the nerve of tumor origin. Additionally，the recurrence rate following surgery is extremely high. In recent years，significant advancements in therapeutic approaches have led to notable progress in the management of head and neck schwannomas. This article reviews current treatment approaches，including traditional surgical resection，minimally invasive techniques，radiofrequency ablation，stereotactic radiosurgery，and targeted therapies，discusses current research hotspots and looks forward to future  research directions.

Key words: head and neck schwannomas, minimally invasive techniques, radiofrequency ablation, stereotactic radiation therapy, targeted therapy